Topic 25: Urbanization

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Câu 1:
Elevated trains carried passengers over (1) ____ streets.

A. filled

B. crowded 
C. crammed 
D. packed
Câu 2:
Public transportation gave (2) ____ to suburbs, living areas on the outskirts of a city.
A. rise
B. raise
C. place  
D. way
Câu 3:
The Brooklyn Bridge, completed in 1883, (3) ____ the city center in Manhattan to outlying Brooklyn.

A. related

B. associated
C. connected
D. linked
Câu 4:
By 1900, (4) ____ skyscrapers up to 30 stories high towered over cities.

A. steel-framed

B. steel-framing
C. frame-steeled 
D. frame-steeling
Câu 5:
Poor families crowded (5) ____ the oldest sections at the city’s center.

A. out of

B. into 
C. at   
D. with
Câu 6:
Urbanization programmes are being carried out in many parts of the world, especially in densely (1) ________ regions with limited land and resources.
A. popular
B. crowed  
C. populated
D. numerous
Câu 7:

However, it also (2) ________ various problems for local authorities and town planners in the process of maintaining sustainable urbanization, especially in developing countries.

A. poses

B. offers
C. leads   
D. imposes
Câu 8:
There will be a (3) ________ of livable housing, energy and water supply.
A. appearance
B. plenty 
C. loss  
D. lack
Câu 9:
Hence, the struggle for (4) ________ is their first priority rather than anything else.
A. survive
B. survival
C. survivor
D. survived
Câu 10:

Only when the quality of their existence is improved, can they seek (5) ________ other high values in their life.

A. about

B. for  
C. with
D. on
Câu 11:

Which best serves as the title for the passage?

A. Countries around the world under attack of bacteria.
B. Ways to take precautions against Lyme disease.
C. How urbanization affects spread of Lyme disease.
D. Biological scientists encountering a new challenge.
Câu 12:

The word “its” in paragraph 1 refers to _______.

A. disease’s 
B. urbanization’s  
C. construction’s  
D. wildlife’s
Câu 13:

According to paragraph 2, which statement is correct about the Lyme disease?

A. The number of nations with excessive reported cases of Lyme disease tripled between 1993 and 2002.
B. Lyme disease is not the only one in zoonotic family that has displayed a widespread outburst.
C. The proliferation rate of Lyme disease in the is the most rapid compared to other regions.
D. Lyme disease growth is currently limited with the utilization of mice as its archenemy.
Câu 14:

The word “palsy” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. shudder
B. paroxysm
C. contusion 
D. paralysis
Câu 15:

According to paragraph 4, why did Castro-Arellano choose to study East Texas area?

A. To understand a disease’s context and contributory factors to prevent the spread of pathogens.
B. To map out the areas of severe infection to conclude a consistent pattern of involving elements.
C. To build a computational model based on the statistics of Texas’s unique conditions.
D. To save East Texas from the devastation of uncontrollable Lyme disease because it is his hometown.
Câu 16:

What does the passage mainly discuss

A. Population growth by 2050
B. Education and health services in urban areas
C. Urbanization process in Africa and Asia
D. An urbanizing world of opportunity, inequality and vulnerability
Câu 17:

The word “sustainable” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _____.

A. steady
B. increasing
C. dependable 
D. slow
Câu 18:

According to the second paragraph, 80 per cent of gross national product comes from _____.

A. urbanization
B. economic growth 
C. towns and cities
D. urban poverty
Câu 19:

What does author imply in the third paragraph?

A. Opportunities in the cities are beyond just jobs because people can find greater opportunities there.
B. Apart form jobs, cities offer many others things including realization of women’s reproductive rights which changes the trajectory of overall population growth.
C. Many young people move to cities as an opportunity to escape traditional patriarchy and experience new freedoms.
D. Urban areas also offer greater access to education and health services, the realization of women’s reproductive rights.
Câu 20:

The word “potential” in the fourth paragraph can be best replaced by _____.

A. responsibility  
B. hospitability 
C. possibility
D. reality
Câu 21:

What does the word “It” in the fifth paragraph refer to?

A. urban resident  
B. urban land
C. urban population
D. urban sprawl
Câu 22:

According to the sixth paragraph, the urban poor face high vulnerability to disasters because of _____.

A. no opportunities to move to the cities 
B. lack ready access to health facilities
C. fertility rates closer to those of rural women
D. unhealthy living conditions
Câu 23:

What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. The number of slum dwellers is rising and many methods have been applied to limit poor people’s access to cities.
B. Slum growth is not the same as urbanization.
C. Global urbanization is an inevitable trend.
D. Slum growth results from the decisions to limit poor people’s access to cities.
Câu 24:

Which best serves as the title for the passage?

A. Fauna and flora reply to human influences.

B. Embracing the urbanization challenges.

C. Urbanization may hold key to plant survival.
D. Urbanization affects spring plant growth.
Câu 25:

The word “nuanced” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. subtle 
B. trivial 
C. obvious 
D. refined
Câu 26:

The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to _____.

A. warm climate  
B. spring plant 
C. seasonal cue 
D. plant growth
Câu 27:

According to paragraph 2, what will rising temperature combining with increased crowdedness cause?

A. The plants that are supposed to be summer species will bloom in springtime.
B. The stimulating effect prompted by temperature increase will be immense.
C. The two forces will cancel each other and deliver a normal spring outcome.
D. The fruits will ripe before the appearance of leaves due to early blossom.
Câu 28:

The word “proxy” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. guide 
B. proof
C. demonstration  
D. representative
Câu 29:

According to paragraph 3, what can be generalized from different pairs of comparison cases?

A. One is place where residents use the Celsius scale while the other favors Fahrenheit.
B. Both investigated areas are selected due to their typicality for research purpose.
C. One is populous region while the other is desolate with the same weather settings.
D. Both places have immigrants traveling from countries with opposite climate.
Câu 30:

Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the passage?

A. Human activities within urban environments only affect the biogeochemical cycles.
B. One key area for future temperature research is climate change in suburbs and exurbs.
C. The frigid areas from November to May boast an average temperature of 18 Celsius degree.
D. Pollution is one of the aspects of urbanization leading to disrupted plant growth.
Câu 31:

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Plant phenology is shifting in response with urbanization and its relating elements.
B. The direction and magnitude of animal response to urbanization have not yet emerged.
C. High population density advances plant growth in warm areas but this effect reverses in cold areas.
D. Urbanization has the potential to shape the ecology and evolution of plants.
Câu 32:

This reading passage is mainly about ____

A. why capital cities are created   
B. places where cities might begin
C. famous cities and urban life
D. why some city sites are chosen
Câu 33:

The word "congenial” in the first paragraph probably means ____.

A. pleasing 
B. noisy   
C. related
D. favorable
Câu 34:

According to the passage, London owes its origin to ____.

A. a river 
B. a bridge
C. an army camp
D. a countryside ship
Câu 35:

The passage suggests that a large harbor ____.

A. may lead to the development of a big city
B. is important for import/export
C. is a place where wars start
D. is always located in capital cities
Câu 36:

The passage suggests that English cities of military origin ____.

A. can be found from their locations 
B. can be found from their names
C. are more common than other cities  
D. always end with -cester
Câu 37:

It can be inferred from the passage that the word “Chester" has ____ roots.

A. Italian 
B. Roman 
C. Latin  
D. Latin American
Câu 38:

Which of the following is NOT given as a reason for a new city?

A. Random events 
B. Wars
C. Trade     
D. Politics
Câu 39:

There are no songs about Washington because ____.

A. it is the national capital 
B. it is too modern
C. the city has little character 
D. songwriters don’t like politics
Câu 40:

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The planned development of Seattle’s public park system
B. The organization of the Seattle city government
C. The history of the Olmsted Brothers architectural firm
D. The design and building of the University of Washington campus
Câu 41:

The word "engaged” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.

A. trained 
B. hired   
C. described
D. evaluated
Câu 42:

The word "subsequent" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.

A. complicated 
B. alternate
C. later  
D. detailed
Câu 43:

Which of the following statements about parks does NOT reflect the views of the Olmsted Brothers firm?

A. They should be planted with trees that grow locally.

B. They should provide a quiet, restful environment.
C. They should be protected by limiting the number of visitors from the community.
D. They should be designed to conform to the topography of the area.
Câu 44:

Why does the author mention “local parks and squares” when talking about the Olmsted plan?

A. To emphasize the difficulties facing adoption of the plan
B. To illustrate the comprehensive nature of the plan
C. To demonstrate an omission in the plan
D. To describe Seattle’s landscape prior to implementation of the plan
Câu 45:

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about how citizens of Seattle received the Olmsted Report?

A. They were hostile to the report’s conclusions.
B. They ignored the Olmsteds’ findings.
C. They supported the Olmsteds’ plans.
D. They favored the city council’s seeking advice from another firm.
Câu 46:

According to the passage, when was the Olmsted Report officially accepted as the master plan for the Seattle public park system?

A. 1903 
B. 1907
C. 1909   
D. 1913
Câu 47:

According to the passage, which of the following was most directly influenced by the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition?

A. The University of Washington
B. Brookline, Massachusetts
C. The mayor of Seattle 
D. The Seattle Parks Board
Câu 48:

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The benefits brought about by urbanization in the 1800’s
B. The population of large urban areas in the 1800’s
C. The problems associated with urban areas in the United States
D. The history of the urbanization of the United States
Câu 49:

According to the passage, which of the following was the census definition of an urban area after 1880?

A. An area with a population that had recently increased by 20 percent
B. A city with a population of 1 million or more people
C. A town or city with a population of at least 2,500
D. An area or region with a population of at least 100,000
Câu 50:

It is implied in paragraph 1 that people were attracted to urban because of ____.

A. the existence of public transportation
B. the possibility for a fuller life
C. the lack of agricultural work 
D. the availability of housing
Câu 51:

The word "shift" in the passage is closest in meaning to ____.

A. position
B. resource  
C. change    
D. returns
Câu 52:

Which of the following are mentioned in the passage as a sign of urbanized society in the United States in the late 1800’s?

A. Streetcars 
B. Schools     
C. Cultural activities 
D. Roads and highways
Câu 53:

Which of the following areas of the United States can be inferred to be the most urbanized at the end of the 1800’s?

A. The states in the Middle West

B. The three states on the West Coast

C. The New England and the Middle Atlantic states
D. The states in the South
Câu 54:

The author’s main purpose in paragraph 4 is to ____.

A. establish that urban areas were important in contributing to the economic growth of the United States
B. demonstrate that the population of the United States increased dramatically during the late nineteenth century
C. prove that the Middle West was the most adversely affected by large shifts in population
D. knowledge that urbanization had a negative impact on some communities in the United States
Câu 55:

Which of the following does the passage support?

A. The percentage of the population of the United States engaged in agriculture decreased between 1860 and 1900.
B. The economic factors that caused large population shifts in the 1800’s were unique to the United States.
C. The changing physical landscape that resulted from urbanization created more disadvantages than advantages.
D. The number of people who lived in the southern region of the United States in 1900 was significantly less than in 1860.