Đề thi Đánh giá tư duy Tiếng Anh - ĐH Bách khoa năm 2023 - 2024 có đáp án ( Đề 1)
- 1Làm xong biết đáp án, phương pháp giải chi tiết.
- 2Học sinh có thể hỏi và trao đổi lại nếu không hiểu.
- 3Xem lại lý thuyết, lưu bài tập và note lại các chú ý
- 4Biết điểm yếu và có hướng giải pháp cải thiện
Choose the word that has the underline part pronounced differently from the others
Choose the word whose primary stress is different from the others
Choose the word that has the underline part pronounced differently from the others
Woodrow Wilson_______ as a governor before was elected President of the United States in 1912.
Jenny’s engagement ring is enormous! It ______ have cost a fortune
I set the alarm clock for 5 AM every morning ___ I won’t be late for Subuh prayer
Because anxiety often ___________more than one cause and is experienced in highly individual ways, its treatment usually __________more than one type of therapy.
A. will have/was requiring
B. has/requires
According to this newspaper, John is said___________a new record for the long jump.
A computer is a _____typewriter which allows you to type and print any kind of documents
A. magically
Peter ____come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure
I am not a teacher of English, but suppose I _____, then I _____ set up a language centre.
Someone _________ me there’s been an accident on the motorway.
Carbon dioxie _____as one of the main contributiors to the greenhouse effect
Choose the best option A,B,C or D to complete the sentence
“___________” Thanks, I will.
A. Wish you a happy journey
B. Give my best wishes to your parents
Choose the best option A,B,C or D to complete the sentence
Excuse me, would you please tell me______?
Certainly. Go straight along here; it’s next to a hospital
A. How we can get to the post office
B. How can we get to the post office
Choose the best option A,B,C or D to complete the sentence
Would you mind if I use your dictionary? – “Of course not, _______”
A. Don’t do that
B. I’m sorry I can’t
Choose the best option A,B,C or D to complete the sentence
“ It’s kind of you to give me a ride to the station” - “________”
A. Not at all. It was a pleasure
B. Never mind
Choose the best option A,B,C or D to complete the sentence
Could you get to the park before 3 o’clock? _______I’m still at the meeting then
After ten years, the changes in this old city have occurred ______________
They always kept on good _________with their next-door neighbors for the children’s sake
Parents are advised to put sharp breakable things out of ___ when small children are around
A grass-eating, river-dwelling mammal, the hippopotamus __________to the pig.
Human beings should not use plastic bags because they are really hard to _______
Linda: I’m going for an interview for a job this afternoon.
Jack: Good luck! I’ll keep my _____crossed for you
Life ________for female has risen over the last 10 years.
A molecule of DNA ______the instructions an organism needs to develop, live and reproduce
Indicate the words or phrases that are CLOSET in meaning to the underlined words in each of thhe folloing sentences
The most striking technological success in the twentieth century is probably the computer revolution
Indicate the words or phrases that are CLOSET in meaning to the underlined words in each of thhe folloing sentences
Everytime he opens his mouth, he immediately regrets what he said. He is always putting his foot in his mouth
A. speak indirectly
B. doing things in the wrong order
Read the message and choose the best answer
Charles Darwin's Theory of Evolution is known as one of the most important and controversial scientific theories ever published. Darwin was an English scientist in the 19th century best known for his book “On the Origin of Species.” In his book, Darwin postulated different species shared characteristics of common ancestors, that they branched off from common ancestors as they evolved, and that new traits and characteristics were a result of natural selection. The theory is based on the assumptions that life developed from non-life and progressed and evolved in an indirect manner. Therefore, the Theory of Evolution, while controversial, has shaped and influenced the modern scientific world's thinking on the development of life itself. Darwin was born February 12, 1809 in England. Although initially entering into medicine, Darwin chose to pursue his interest in natural science and embarked on a five-year journey aboard the H.M.S. Beagle, a British sloop belonging to the Royal Navy. Because of his experience aboard the Beagle, he laid the foundation for his Theory of Evolution while also establishing himself within the scientific community. Specifically, Darwin's keen observation of the fossils and wildlife he saw during his time on the Beagle served as the basis for the cornerstone of his theory: natural selection.
Natural selection contributes to the basis of Darwin's Theory of Evolution. One of the core tenets of Darwin's theory is that more offspring are always produced for a species than can possibly survive. Yet, no two offspring are perfectly alike. As a result, through random mutation and genetic drift, over time offspring develop new traits and characteristics. Over time beneficial traits and characteristics that promote survival will be kept in the gene pool while those that harm survival will be selected against. Therefore, this natural selection ensures that a species gradually improves itself over an extended duration of time. On the other hand, as a species continues to 'improve' itself, it branches out to create entirely new species that are no longer capable of reproducing together.
Through natural selection, organisms could branch off of each other and evolve to the point where they no longer belong to the same species. Consequently, simple organisms evolve into more complex and different organisms as species break away from one another. Natural selection parallels selective breeding employed by humans on domesticated animals for centuries. Namely, horse breeders will ensure that horses with particular characteristics, such as speed and endurance, are allowed to produce offspring while horses that do not share those above-average traits will not. Therefore, over several generations, the new offspring will already be predisposed towards being excellent racing horses.
Darwin's theory is that 'selective breeding' occurs in nature as 'natural selection' is the engine behind
evolution. Thus, the theory provides an excellent basis for understanding how organisms change over time. Nevertheless, it is just a theory and elusively difficult to prove. One of the major holes in Darwin's theory revolves around “irreducibly complex systems.” An irreducibly complex system is known as a system where many different parts must all operate together. As a result, in the absence of one, the system as a whole collapses. Consequently, as modern technology improves, science can identify these “irreducibly complex systems” even at microscopic levels. These complex systems, if so inter-reliant, would be resistant to Darwin's supposition of how evolution occurs. As Darwin himself admitted, “To suppose that the eye with all its inimitable contrivance for adjusting the focus for different distances, for admitting different amounts of light, and for the correction of spherical and chromatic aberration, could have been formed by natural selection, seems, I free confess, absurd in the highest degree".
In conclusion, “On the Origin of Species” is known as one of the most consequential books ever published. Darwin's Theory of Evolution remains, to this day, a lightning rod for controversy. The theory can be observed repeatedly, but never proven, and there are a plethora of instances that cast doubt on the processes of natural selection and evolution. Darwin's conclusions were a result of keen observation and training as a naturalist. Despite the controversy that swirls around his theory, Darwin remains one of the most influential scientists and naturalists ever born due to his Theory of Evolution.
Which sentence is most similar to the following sentence from paragraph 1?
The theory is based on the assumptions that life developed from non-life and progressed and evolved in an indirect manner.
A. The Theory of Evolution is founded on evidence that non-organic compounds are the basis of lìfe,
developed in unguided way
B. Based on certain assumptions, we can prove that evolution occurs in all living and non-living entities
C. According to Darwin, if we assume that life at its origin was created from non-organic compounds and developed in an unguided manner, his theory holds true
According to paragraph 2, what are the causes for species developing new traits and characteristics?
A. medicine and longgevity
B. survival and selection
C. mutation and genetic drigt
The word “those” in paragraph 2 refers to ____________
A. gene pool
B. survival
According to paragraph 3, which is natural selection most comparable to as a process?
A. branching trees
B. selective breeding
C. irreducibly complex systems
What is the purpose of paragraph 3 in the passage?
A. To show the simple to complext nature of natural selection in context
B. To create doubt as to the validity of the theory
C. To contrast with the ideas presented in paragaph 2
All the following are mentioned in paragraph 4 as a viewpoint to state that natural selection is dificult to prove EXCEPT __________
A. The belieft that the complexity of the human eye could have been formed by natural selection seems highly unlikely
B. The presence of irreducibly complext system contradicts how evolution occurs
C. Modern technology has been used to prove that irreducibly complex system exits
The word “plethora” in paragraph 5 is closet in meaning to _______
In paragraph 4, what was the auther’s purpose of including a quote that the belief that the
complexity of the human eye could have been formed by natural selection seems highly unlikely____
A. To provide evidence that irreducibly complex systems exists
B. To prove that the natural selection contradicts the basis of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
C. To support that the natural selection contributes to the basis of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
Read the message and choose the best answer
Smart Energy
The next few decades will see great changes in the way energy is supplied and used. In some major oil producing nations, 'peak oil' has already been reached, and there are increasing fears of global warming. Consequently, many countries are focusing on the switch to a low carbon economy. This transition will lead to major changes in the supply and use of electricity. Firstly, there will be an increase in overall demand, as consumers switch from oil and gas to electricity to power their homes and vehicles. Secondly, there will be an increase in power generation, not only in terms of how much is generated, but also how it is generated, as there is growing electricity generation from renewable sources. To meet these challenges, countries are investing in Smart Grid technology. This system aims to provide the electricity industry with a better understanding of power generation and demand, and to use this information to create a more efficient power network.
Smart Grid technology basically involves the application of a computer system to the electricity network. The computer system can be used to collect information about supply and demand and improve engineer's ability to manage the system. With better information about electricity demand, the network will be able to increase the amount of electricity delivered per unit generated, leading to potential reductions in fuel needs and carbon emissions. Moreover, the computer system will assist in reducing operational and maintenance costs.
Smart Grid technology offers benefits to the consumer too. They will be able to collect real-time information on their energy use for each appliance. Varying tariffs throughout the day will give customers the incentive to use appliances at times when supply greatly exceeds demand, leading to great reductions in bills. For example, they may use their washing machines at night. Smart meters can also be connected to the internet or telephone system, allowing customers to switch appliances on or off remotely. Furthermore, if houses are fitted with the apparatus to generate their own power, appliances can be set to run directly from the on-site power source, and any excess can be sold to the grid.
With these changes comes a range of challenges. The first involves managing the supply and demand.
Sources of renewable energy, such as wind, wave and solar, are notoriously unpredictable, and nuclear power, which is also set to increase as nations switch to alternative energy sources, is inflexible. With oil and gas, it is relatively simple to increase the supply of energy to match the increasing demand during peak times of the day or year. With alternative sources, this is far more difficult, and may lead to blackouts or system collapse. Potential solutions include investigating new and efficient ways to store energy and encouraging consumers to use electricity at off-peak times.
A second problem is the fact that many renewable power generation sources are located in remote areas, such as windy uplands and coastal regions, where there is currently a lack of electrical infrastructure. New infrastructures therefore must be built. Thankfully, with improved smart technology, this can be done more efficiently by reducing the reinforcement or construction costs.
Although Smart Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and test it are already underway. Consumers are currently testing the new smart meters which can be used in their homes to manage electricity use. There are also a number of demonstrations being planned to show how the smart technology could practically work, and trials are in place to test the new electrical infrastructure. It is likely that technology will be added in 'layers', starting with 'quick win' methods which will provide initial carbon savings, to be followed by more advanced systems at a later date. Cities are prime candidates for investment into smart energy, due to the high population density and high energy use. It is here where Smart Technology is likely to be promoted first, utilising a range of sustainable power sources, transport solutions and an infrastructure for charging electrically powered vehicles. The infrastructure is already changing fast. By the year 2050, changes in the energy supply will have transformed our homes, our roads and our behaviour.
According to paragraph 1, what has happened in some oil producing countries?
A. The supply of oil is unpredictable.
B. They are unwilling to sell their oil any more.
C. They are not producing as much oil as they used to.
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of Smart Grid technology to consumers?
A. It can reduce the amount of energy needed to power appliances.
B. It can tell them how much energy each appliance is using.
C. It can allow them to turn appliances on and off when they are not at home.
According to paragraph 4, what is the problem with using renewable sources of power?
A. They can't be used at off-peak times.
B. They do not provide much energy.
C. They always cause system failure and blackouts.
In paragraph 6, what can be inferred about cities in the future?
A. Smart Grid technology will only be available in cities.
B. More people will be living in cities in the future than nowadays.
C. All buildings will generate their own electricity.
The word 'underway' in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to __________
What is the main idea of the final paragraph? (paragraph 6).
A. To describe how, where and when Smart Technology will be introduced.
B. To describe who will benefit from Smart Grid technology first.
C. To outline the advantages of Smart Grid technology.
The word “it” in paragraph 6 refer to____
Read the message and choose the best answer
When people learn to play video games, they are learning a new literacy. Of course, this is not the way the word "literacy" is normally used. Traditionally, people think of literacy as the ability to read and write. Why, then, should we think of literacy more broadly, in regard to video games or anything else, for that matter? There are two reasons.
First, in the modern world, language is not the only important communicational system. Today images, symbols, graphs, diagrams, artifacts, and many other visual symbols are particularly significant. Thus, the idea of different types of "visual literacy" would seem to be an important one. For example, being able to "read" the images in advertising is one type of visual literacy. And, of course, there are different ways to read such images, ways that are more or less aligned with the intentions and interests of the advertisers. Knowing how to read interior designs in homes, modernist art in museums, and videos on MTV are other forms of visual literacy.
Furthermore, very often today words and images of various sorts are juxtaposed and integrated in a variety of ways. In newspaper and magazines as well as in textbooks, images take up more and more of the space alongside words. In fact, in many modern high school and college textbooks in the sciences images not only take up more space, they now carry meanings that are independent of the words in the text. If you can't read these images, you will not be able to recover their meanings from the words in the text as was more usual in the past. In such multimodal texts (texts that mix words and images), the images often communicate different things from the words. And the combination of the two modes communicates things that neither of the modes does separately. Thus, the idea of different sorts of multimodal literacy seems an important one. Both modes and multimodality go far beyond images and words to include sounds, music, movement, bodily sensations, and smells.
None of this news today, of course. We very obviously live in a world awash with images. It is our first answer to the question why we should think of literacy more broadly. The second answer is this: Even though reading and writing seem so central to what literacy means traditionally, reading and writing are not such general and obvious matters as they might at first seem. After all, we never just read or write; rather, we always read or write something in some way.
So there are different ways to read different types of texts. Literacy is multiple, then, in the sense that the legal literacy needed for reading law books is not the same as the literacy needed for reading physics texts or superhero comic books. And we should not be too quick to dismiss the latter form of literacy. Many a superhero comic is replete with post-Freudian irony of a sort that would make a modern literary critic's heart beat fast and confuse any otherwise normal adult. Literacy, then, even as traditionally conceived to involve only print, is not a unitary thing but a multiple matter. There are, even in regard to printed texts and even leaving aside images and multimodal texts, different "literacies."
Once we see this multiplicity of literacy (literacies), we realize that when we think about reading and writing, we have to think beyond print. Reading and writing in any domain, whether it is law, rap songs, academic essays, superhero comics, or whatever, are not just ways of decoding print, they are also caught up with and in social practices... Video games are a new form of art. They will not replace books; they will sit beside them, interact with them, and change them and their role in society in various ways, as, indeed, they are already doing strongly with movies. (Today many movies are based on video games and many more are influenced by them.) We have no idea yet how people "read" video games, what meanings they make from them. Still less do we know how they will "read" them in the future.
All are mentioned as being types of "visual literacy" EXCEPT_________
An example from a science textbook of the phenomenon the author describes in the third paragraph could be __________
A. A genetic tree that coincides with the discussion of specific mammal classes in the text
B. A diagram of a specific chemical reaction that is used to explain a broad definition in the text
C. An illustration of a plant cycle that accompanies a chapter on photosynthesis
The idiom in the sixth paragraph, "read against the grain of the text" is closest in meaning to ____
A. Reading to understand the underlying meanings and themes of the author's words-not just a literal
interpretation
B. Reading text that defines different types of wheat and grains
C. To read the text from right to left rather than left to right
In the seventh paragraph, the author suggests that literacy is multiple, meaning that ___________
Why does the author give the example of superhero comics to explain multiple literacies?
A. To explain that comic books are written for children and purely for entertainment. They require only a basic knowledge of the action that occurs in the story
B. To once again refer to his earlier points about "multimodal" texts
C. To insist that even when an author may intend multiple meanings and interpretations, they are rarely successful in conveying those to readers
The author says that video games _________
A. Are not yet entirely understood in terms of literacy, but are already impacting other forms of expression such as filmmaking
B. Are unrealistic and should not fall into the same categories as the other texts he describes
C. Are too violent to risk experimenting with for the purposes of understanding literacy
What would be the most logical information for the next paragraph to contain if the article continued?
A. A technological definition of video games, how they are made, and how they are played
B. A historical explanation of the very first video game and its evolution
C. Examples of the way that some people currently interpret video games and what they mean to them