Câu hỏi:

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Tự luận

1. Thực hiện phép tính (tính nhanh nếu có thể):

a) 1898.43\frac{1}{8} - \frac{9}{8}.\frac{4}{3};                                                   b) 34.2022202320222023.14\frac{{ - 3}}{4}.\frac{{2022}}{{2023}} - \frac{{2022}}{{2023}}.\frac{1}{4}.

2. Tìm xx:

a) 37+x=45\frac{3}{7} + x = \frac{4}{5};                                            b) (3x1)(12x+5)=0\left( {3x - 1} \right)\left( {\frac{{ - 1}}{2}x + 5} \right) = 0.

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Lời giải

Hướng dẫn giải:

1.

a) 1898.43\frac{1}{8} - \frac{9}{8}.\frac{4}{3}=1832 = \frac{1}{8} - \frac{3}{2}=18128 = \frac{1}{8} - \frac{{12}}{8}=118 = \frac{{ - 11}}{8};

b) 34.2022202320222023.14\frac{{ - 3}}{4}.\frac{{2022}}{{2023}} - \frac{{2022}}{{2023}}.\frac{1}{4}=20222023.(3414) = \frac{{2022}}{{2023}}.\left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{4} - \frac{1}{4}} \right)

=20222023.(1) = \frac{{2022}}{{2023}}.\left( { - 1} \right)= 20222023 =  - \frac{{2022}}{{2023}}.

2.

a) 37+x=45\frac{3}{7} + x = \frac{4}{5}

x=4537x = \frac{4}{5} - \frac{3}{7}

x=28351535x = \frac{{28}}{{35}} - \frac{{15}}{{35}}

x=1335x = \frac{{13}}{{35}}

Vậy x=1335x = \frac{{13}}{{35}}.

b) (3x1)(12x+5)=0\left( {3x - 1} \right)\left( {\frac{{ - 1}}{2}x + 5} \right) = 0

• TH1: 3x1=03x--1 = 0

3x=13x = 1

x=13x = \frac{1}{3}.

• TH2: 12x+5=0\frac{{ - 1}}{2}x + 5 = 0

12x= 5\frac{{ - 1}}{2}x =  - 5

x= 5:(12)x =  - 5:\left( {\frac{{ - 1}}{2}} \right)

x=10x = 10.

Vậy x{13;  10}x \in \left\{ {\frac{1}{3};\,\,10} \right\}.

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