Culture

Read the text on page 36 and decide in which city you can do the following (Đọc văn bản ở trang 36 và quyết định bạn có thể làm những việc sau ở thành phố nào)

SMART CITIES AROUND THE WORLD

Cities around the world are becoming smarter, and you can do many things that seemed impossible in the past.

In Singapore, the mobile app Parking.sg allows you to locate a nearby car park easily, book a parking space, and make a payment. You can also extend your booking or receive a refund if you leave early.

New York City (US) has one of the largest bike-sharing systems called Citi Bike. Using a mobile app, you can unlock bikes from one station and return them to any other station in the system, making them ideal for one-way trips.

In Copenhagen (Denmark), you can use a mobile app to guide you through the city streets and tell how fast you need to pedal to make the next green light. The app can also give you route recommendations and work out the calories you burn.

In London (UK), you don’t have to buy public transport tickets. You can just touch your bank card on the card reader when you get on and off the bus or the underground to pay for your trip.

In Toronto (Canada), you can book an appointment and see a doctor online a from your own home. You can also receive prescriptions and any other documents you need, all online.

1. book a parking space via a mobile app

2. have a medical check-up online

3. use your bank card to pay for traveling on the bus or underground

4. unlock your bike from one station and return it to any other station in the city

5. use a mobile app to help you choose the best route to cycle in the city

Work in pairs. Use the models in 1 to make similar conversations about these predictions for the future. One of you is Student A, the other is Student B. Use the expressions below to help you. (Làm việc theo cặp. Sử dụng các mô hình trong phần 1 để thực hiện các cuộc trò chuyện tương tự về những dự đoán này cho tương lai. Một trong số các bạn là Học sinh A, người kia là Học sinh B. Sử dụng các biểu thức dưới đây để giúp bạn)

1. Student A thinks we'll use driverless buses and flying cars. Student B expresses certainty or uncertainty, and gives reasons. (Học sinh A nghĩ rằng chúng ta sẽ sử dụng xe buýt không người lái và ô tô bay. Học sinh B thể hiện sự chắc chắn hoặc không chắc chắn, và đưa ra lý do.)

2. Student B thinks Al robots will do all the household chores. Student A expresses certainty or uncertainty, and gives reasons. (Học sinh B nghĩ rằng người máy Al sẽ làm tất cả các công việc gia đình. Học sinh A thể hiện sự chắc chắn hoặc không chắc chắn, và đưa ra lý do.)

Everyday English 1

Expressing certainty and uncertainty

Listen and complete the conversations with the expressions in the box. Then practise them in pairs (Nghe và hoàn thành các cuộc hội thoại với các biểu thức trong hộp. Sau đó thực hành chúng theo cặp)

Bài nghe:

Write an article (120-150 words) about other advantages and disadvantages of living in a smart city. Use the suggested ideas in 1, the sample in 2, and the outline below to help you (Viết một bài báo (120-150 từ) về những thuận lợi và khó khăn khác khi sống trong một thành phố thông minh. Sử dụng các ý tưởng được gợi ý trong phần 1, mẫu trong phần 2 và dàn ý bên dưới để giúp bạn)

Read the article below and match its parts with the correct descriptions (Đọc bài viết dưới đây và nối các phần của nó với những mô tả đúng)

____ A. Introduction - A short paragraph stating the issue and what the article will cover

____ B. Title - The topic of the article in a few words

____ D. Conclusion - A summary of the main points and sometimes the writer’s opinion

____ C. Body paragraphs - Each presenting a main point for or against the issue, supported by facts, examples, or explanations

[ 1 ] Living in a smart city: GOOD or BAD?

[ 2 ] If you live in a smart city, you will probably agree with me that life is not all good as some people may think. So what are the pros and cons of living in a smart city?

[ 3 ] The good thing about smart cities is that they are very modern. Smart technologies make people’s lives easier by reducing household chores. Besides, the city infrastructure which includes sensors and cameras collects information about people and their activities, and uses it to provide faster, cheaper, and better services.

[ 4 ] On the other hand, living in a smart city has some disadvantages. Some smart technologies are difficult to use and without training, city dwellers might find them useless. With cameras everywhere in public spaces, people also have limited privacy. They are worried that their personal information might not be protected, and they might become victims of cybercrime.

[ 5 ] In conclusion, living in a smart city has both advantages and disadvantages. However, I think these urban areas offer great promise. The issues should be dealt with in the years ahead as the world’s population keeps growing, and more people are moving to big cities.

Read the following ideas and decide whether they are advantages or disadvantages of living in a smart city. Tick (v) the appropriate box (Đọc những ý tưởng sau đây và quyết định xem chúng là lợi thế hay bất lợi khi sống trong một thành phố thông minh. Đánh dấu (v) vào ô thích hợp)

Listen to the interview again and complete the table. Use no more than THREE words for each answer (Nghe lại cuộc phỏng vấn và hoàn thành bảng. Sử dụng không quá BA từ cho mỗi câu trả lời)

Bài nghe:

 Listen to an interview and choose the correct answers A, B, or C. (Nghe một cuộc phỏng vấn và chọn câu trả lời đúng A, B, hoặc C)

Bài nghe:

Match the words and phrases with their meanings (Nối các từ và cụm từ với ý nghĩa của chúng)

Work in groups. Discuss what the cities of the future will be like and present your groups’ ideas to the whole class (Làm việc nhóm. Thảo luận về các thành phố trong tương lai sẽ như thế nào và trình bày ý tưởng của nhóm bạn trước cả lớp)

Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about one of the features of future cities in 1. Use the model and the tips in 2 to help you. (Làm việc theo cặp. Hỏi và trả lời các câu hỏi về một trong những đặc điểm của các thành phố trong tương lai trong phần 1. Sử dụng mô hình và các mẹo trong phần 2 để giúp bạn)

Match the questions with the answers to make a conversation. Then practice it in pairs (Nối các câu hỏi với các câu trả lời để tạo thành một đoạn hội thoại. Sau đó thực hành nó theo cặp)

Work in pairs. Complete the diagram with the ideas below (Làm việc theo cặp. Hoàn thành sơ đồ với những ý tưởng dưới đây)

A. Quality of life will be improved thanks to the cleaner environment.

B. There will be no private vehicles because people will use public transport.

C. Green skyscrapers will replace old blocks of flats and offices in crowded urban centres.

 Work in groups. Discuss the following questions (Làm việc nhóm. Thảo luận các câu hỏi sau)

Would you like to live in a smart and sustainable city? Why / Why not?

Read the article again and complete the diagram with information from the text. Use no more than TWO words for each answer (Đọc bài viết một lần nữa và hoàn thành sơ đồ với thông tin từ văn bản. Sử dụng không quá HAI từ cho mỗi câu trả lời)

Read the article again and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) (Đọc bài báo một lần nữa và quyết định xem những câu phát biểu là đúng (T) hay sai (F))

1. About 70 million people will live in cities by 2050.

2. Smart cities use modern technologies to save time and provide better services.

3. City dwellers will be able to grow vegetables underground or in roof gardens.

4. Space for walking and cycling will be replaced with computer-controlled transport systems.

Read the article. Circle the correct meanings of the highlighted words and phrases (Đọc bài báo. Khoanh tròn nghĩa đúng của các từ và cụm từ được đánh dấu)

By 2050 the world’s population is expected to reach 10 billion, and nearly 70 per cent of these people will live in cities. The cities of the future wili be ‘smarter’ and more sustainable to cope with a growing population and improve people’s lives.

A smart city is amodern urban area that uses a range of technologies to provide services, solve problems, and support people better. The new technologies can help save time by predicting changes in the traffic and warning people of possible traffic jams. They will also help cities operate more efficiently. For example, street lights can turn off when the streets are empty, and sensors can inform waste collection teams when the bins are full. These smart technologies will help save energy, reduce air pollution, and fight climate change.

Cities in the future will also be sustainable. They will include a lot of green space and become home to more plants and animals. Making room for biodiversity and nature can be done in various ways including underground and rooftop farming, green roofs, and roof gardens. As people will care more about the environment, most cities will use renewable and clean energy. Modern infrastructure will also be more eco-friendly. Computer-controlled transport systems like electric buses and trains will produce less greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, more pedestrian zones for walking and cycle paths will be made available for people in all neighbourhoods.

These features will make future cities more liveable and will provide a high quality of life to city dwellers.

1. operate more efficiently

A. to work better without wasting time, money, or energy

B. to control a machine without wasting resources

C. to cut a body open for medical reasons in a more careful way

2. sensors

A. devices that can react to light, heat, or pressure

B. instruments that can be played by people

C. devices for discovering rubbish

3. pedestrian zones

A. areas for cars only

B. areas for electric buses

C. areas for walking only

4. liveable

A. suitable for farming

B. nice to live in

C. good for the environment

work in groups. Discuss the questions (Làm việc nhóm. Thảo luận các câu hỏi)

1. What will future cities look like?

2. Do you think they will be ‘smarter’ and more sustainable? Why/Why not?

Work in pairs. Talk about future developments in your neighbourhood. Use stative verbs in continuous form and linking verbs. (Làm việc theo cặp. Nói về những phát triển trong tương lai trong khu phố của bạn. Sử dụng động từ trạng thái ở dạng tiếp diễn và động từ nối)

Gợi ý:

A: The construction company is developing a new housing project near our neighborhood.

B: That's interesting. The population in our area will increase, and the demand for services and infrastructure will grow.

Grammar: Linking verbs

Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences. (Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong các câu sau)

1. The urban lifestyle seems more excitingly to young people.

2. The museum looks beauty from a distance.

3. Widening the road sounds a good solve to traffic problems in the area.

Grammar: Stative verbs in the continuous form

Choose the correct forms of the verbs to complete the following sentences. (Chọn dạng đúng của động từ để hoàn thành các câu sau)

1. I (think / am thinking) that living in the city is good for young people.

2. We (are thinking / think) of moving out of the city.

3. I (don’t see / am not seeing) the building. It's too far away.

Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words and phrases in 1 (Hoàn thành các câu bằng cách sử dụng các hình thức đúng của các từ và cụm từ trong bài 1)

1. Building a good _______ is important for the country’s economy.

2. The new underground has allowed ________ to get around more easily.

3. With the help of technology, people can now grow vegetables in ______ of high-rise buildings.

4. The ______ attracts people’s attention because of its unusual architecture.

5. More people are moving away from the _______ of large cities to the suburbs.

Complete the sentences with phrases from 1 (Hoàn thành các câu với các cụm từ từ 1)

1. It _________ to many environmental problems.

2. The modern infrastructure of the city __________.

3. I _________ living in a smart city in the future.

 Match the words to make phrases mentioned in 1. (Nối các từ để tạo thành các cụm từ được đề cập trong phần 1)

Read the conversation again and complete the notes. Use no more than TWO words for each blank (Đọc đoạn hội thoại một lần nữa và hoàn thành các ghi chú. Sử dụng không quá HAI từ cho mỗi chỗ trống)

An exhibition of future cities

Listen and read (Nghe và đọc)

Bài nghe:

Work in groups. Each member of your group should ask three people from different generations to complete the survey below. (Làm việc nhóm. Mỗi thành viên trong nhóm của bạn nên yêu cầu ba người thuộc các thế hệ khác nhau hoàn thành bản khảo sát dưới đây.)

These people could include:

1) a classmate or brother/ sister

2) a mother/ father, or someone of their generation

3) a grandma/ grandpa, or someone of their generation

Grammar

Choose the correct answers A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences (Chọn đáp án đúng A, B, C hoặc D để hoàn thành các câu sau)

1. You __________ learn to keep your bedroom tidy. No one can clean it for you.

A. must B. had to

C. mustn‘t D. shouldn’t

2. Fifty years ago, my grandmother ____________ stay at home and do all housework. She couldn't go to school like her brothers.

A. must B. had to

C. didn't have to D. should

3. You ___________ wear shorts to school. It's against the school rules.

A. should B. have to

C. mustn't D. don't have to

4. I think parents ___________ compare their children to other's. They will become less confident in their abilities.

A. should B. have to

C. must D. shouldn’t

5. My parents respect my choices. I ___________ follow in their footsteps.

A. don’t have to B. mustn‘t

C. should D. have to

Vocabulary

Solve the crossword. Use the words or phrases you have learn in this unit (Giải ô chữ. Sử dụng các từ hoặc cụm từ bạn đã học trong phần này)

DOWN

1. Lan lives in a __________ family that consists of her parents and younger sister.

2. The older _________ usually has more traditional views.

ACROSS

3. My father limits my __________. I can only use my laptop and smartphone to watch videos or check social media for two hours a day.

4. I live with my __________ family in a big house, and I’m very close not only to my parents, but also to my grandparents, aunt, and uncle.

5. Teenagers often come into ___________ with their parents.

6. My sister is a true ____________. She has used computers and smartphones since she was young and is very good at using them.

Pronunciation

Listen and circle what you hear: contracted or full forms. Practice saying these conversations in pairs. (Nghe và khoanh tròn những gì bạn nghe được: dạng rút gọn hoặc dạng đầy đủ. Thực hành nói những cuộc hội thoại này theo cặp)

Bài nghe:

Work in groups. Discuss the following questions (Làm việc nhóm. Thảo luận các câu hỏi sau)

Do you think your family would experience the same generation gap if you moved to a Western country? Why/ Why not? (Bạn có nghĩ rằng gia đình bạn sẽ trải qua khoảng cách thế hệ giống nhau nếu bạn chuyển đến một quốc gia phương Tây không? Tại sao / Tại sao không?)

Culture

Read the text and complete the notes. Use no more than TWO words for each gap (Đọc văn bản và hoàn thành các ghi chú. Sử dụng không quá HAI từ cho mỗi chỗ trống)

For people in most cultures, the generation gap in their family is mainly about differences in musical tastes, career choices, and lifestyles. In Asian American families, however, the process of adapting to American culture makes the generation gap wider.

Naturally, children of Asian American immigrants adapt to American culture much faster than their parents. English quickly becomes their first language. They accept American values such as individualism, freedom, honesty, and competition. They also start to follow American traditions in their daily lives.

On the other hand, many first-generation Asian American parents fail to adapt to the new culture. They continue to use their native language. They keep practising their traditional lifestyle and old culture. They often try to force their children to follow their native country’s cultural values, such as the importance of family, respect for the elders and the community.

Due to their different attitudes to the new culture, Asian American children may have cultural values different from their parents’ Asian cultural values. They may not do what their parents want them to do or what they are expected to do. As aresult, Asian American parents may fail to have their children follow the family traditional values.

Work in pairs. Use the model in 1 to make similar conversations for these situations (Làm việc theo cặp. Sử dụng mô hình trong phần 1 để tạo các hội thoại tương tự cho các tình huống này)

One of you is Student A, the other is Student B. Provide reasons for not giving permission. Use the expressions below to help you.

1. Student A is a teenager: Student B is his / her parent. Student A is asking for permission to invite friends to a party. Student B can decide to give permission or not.

2. Student B is a teenager; Student A is his / her parent. Student B is asking for permission to colour his / her hair. Student A can decide to give permission or not.

Everyday English

Listen and complete the conversation with the expressions in the box. Then practise it in pairs (Nghe và hoàn thành cuộc hội thoại với các từ trong hộp. Sau đó thực hành nó theo cặp)

Bài nghe:

Write an opinion essay (120-150 words) stating the opposite view. (Viết một bài luận (120-150 từ) nêu quan điểm ngược lại)

Read an opinion essay and match each paragraph with the correct description (Đọc một bài luận ý kiến và nối mỗi đoạn với mô tả chính xác)

A. Second reason for supporting this view with examples and facts

B. Conclusion summarising the writer's point of view

C. First reason for supporting this view with examples and facts

D. Introduction to the issue and the writer’s point of view

SHOULD PARENTS STRICTLY LIMIT TEENAGERS’ SCREEN TIME?

1. ______ Many teenagers nowadays spend too much time on digital devices. I firmly believe that parents should strictly limit their screen time for two reasons.

2. ______First of all, teenagers who spend a lot of time on screens are fess likely to finish their homework. If parents limit their screen time, teenagers will have more time not only for learning, but also for outdoor activities.

3. ______ In addition, too much screen time is bad for teenagers’ health. Looking at a computer or smartphone screen for a long time can damage their eyesight and cause headaches. Too much screen time may also lead to sleep and weight problems.

4. ______ In conclusion, I think that parents need to control the time their teenage children spend on digital devices. This will ensure that their children have time for homework and outdoor activities, and will protect children’s health.

Work in pairs. Complete the notes using the sentences (A-D) in the box (Làm việc theo cặp. Hoàn thành các ghi chú bằng cách sử dụng các câu (A-D) trong hộp)

A. The gap between teenagers and parents may become wider.

B. Too much screen time is bad for teenagers’ health.

C. Too much screen time can damage eyesight, reduce sleep time, and cause weight gain.

D. Teenagers may think their parents are not fair to them.

Work in groups. Discuss the following questions. (Làm việc nhóm. Thảo luận các câu hỏi sau)

Do you agree with Mai’s mother and Kevin’s parents? Why/ Why not? (Bạn có đồng ý với mẹ Mai và bố mẹ Kevin không? Tại sao / Tại sao không?)

Listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions using no more than TWO words (Nghe đoạn hội thoại một lần nữa và trả lời các câu hỏi sau bằng cách sử dụng không quá HAI từ)

Bài nghe:

Choose the modal verbs used in 1 to complete the sentences (Chọn các động từ khiếm khuyết được sử dụng trong 1 để hoàn thành các câu)

1. Mai lives with her extended family, and she (has to / should) learn to accept the differences between the generations.

2. Mai’s grandmother thinks women (have to / should) do all the housework.

3. Mai’s parents believe that children (must / should) follow their dreams.

4. Ms Hoa thinks that children (have to / must) respect their parents and grandparents.