Bài Tập Về Adverbial Clause Of Time Có Đáp Án

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian là một mệnh đề phụ được dùng để chỉ thời điểm xảy ra một việc gì đó. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian thường được bắt đầu bởi các liên từ chỉ thời gian như when, before, after, as, by the time, while, until, as soon as, until, till, since, no soon than, as long as, …

Ví dụ: 

• My brother was playing games while my sister was doing housework.

• After the rain stopped, we went outside to enjoy the fresh air.

• My mom was cooking while my dad was talking on the phone.

2. Vị trí của mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian

Khi xét về vị trí, mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian có thể đứng đầu câu (trước mệnh đề chính), hoặc ở cuối câu (sau mệnh đề chính). Khi bạn đặt mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian đứng ở đầu câu, hãy lưu ý ngăn cách mệnh đề này với mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy. 

Ví dụ:

• As soon as the concert started, the crowd erupted in excitement. 

• They decided to go on a road trip after the school semester was over. 

Trong một vài trường hợp, mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian có thể được đặt ở giữa câu (xen giữa với mệnh đề chính). Khi đặt ở giữa mệnh đề chính, mệnh đề trạng ngữ thường đóng vai trò ngắt câu và nằm giữa một cặp dấu phẩy. 

Ví dụ: Sarah, while she was cooking dinner, realized that she had forgotten to buy an important ingredient.

3. Sự phối hợp của động từ trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian và mệnh đề chính

Trong Tiếng Anh, khi câu có sử dụng mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề thời gian, bạn cần lưu ý rằng: mệnh đề chính diễn ra theo mốc thời gian mà mệnh đề thời gian phản ánh. Vì thế, mệnh đề thời gian sẽ quyết định mệnh đề chính. Ngoài ra, khi mệnh đề thời gian được chia ở thì khác nhau thì mệnh đề chính cũng có những sự khác nhau nhất định.

Khi mệnh đề chỉ thời gian ở thì hiện tại đơn 

Mệnh đề thời gian ở thì hiện tại đơn thường xuất hiện trong câu với những từ chỉ thời gian như “until”, “when”, “as soon as”, “by”, “by the time”.  Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì hiện tại đơn, bạn có thể áp dụng thì tương lai đơn hoặc thì tương lai hoàn thành cho mệnh đề chính. 

Ví dụ: 

• When the concert ends, we will head to the after-party. 

• By the time you arrive, I will have finished my work.

Khi mệnh đề chỉ thời gian ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành

Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian được chia ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành, bạn nên sử dụng thì tương lai đơn đối với mệnh đề chính. 

Ví dụ: 

• After they have watched the movie, they will discuss their favorite scenes.

• Linh will work for her father's company after she has graduated from university. 

Khi mệnh đề chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ đơn

Ví dụ: 

• By the time the meeting started, she had finished preparing her presentation.

• While her brother played video games, she was studying for her final exam. 

Khi mệnh đề chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

Đối với mệnh đề chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn, bạn có thể áp dụng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn quá khứ đơn và quá khứ tiếp diễn cho mệnh đề chính.

Ví dụ: 

• He was chatting with his friends while his teacher was teaching the lesson.

• While John’s parents were preparing a delicious meal in the kitchen, he and his siblings watched movies. 

Khi mệnh đề chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành

Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành, người học có thể sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn cho mệnh đề chính.

Ví dụ: 

• The thief was caught after he had stolen my mobile phone.

• As soon as I had finished preparing a delicious meal for my family, the power suddenly went out.

4. Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian

Điều kiện để rút gọn mệnh đề chỉ thời gian 

Khi muốn rút gọn một Adverbial clause of time, bạn cần lưu ý đến hai điều sau: 

• Mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề chỉ thời gian được liên kết với nhau sử dụng liên từ nối.

• Chủ ngữ của mệnh đề chỉ thời gian và mệnh đề chính đều cùng chỉ một đối tượng.

Quy tắc rút gọn mệnh đề chỉ thời gian 

Bước 1: Lược bỏ chủ ngữ của mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian. Nếu mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian có chủ ngữ là một danh từ riêng, bạn có thể chuyển danh từ riêng thành chủ ngữ của mệnh đề chính. 

Bước 2: Dựa vào cụm động từ được cho trong câu mà bạn có thể chia thành hai trường hợp: 

• Trường hợp 1: Nếu câu có động từ to-be → Lược bỏ động từ to-be 

• Trường hợp 2: Nếu câu không có động từ to-be → Chuyển động từ chính thành V-ing 

Ví dụ: 

• After John was promoted, he took on more responsibilities at work. → After promoted, John took on more responsibilities at work. 

• Before you go outside, you must turn off all the lights. → Before going outside, you must turn off all the lights.

II. Bài tập mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian

Ex 1. Join the following sentences using “when”

1. Janet was sick. We took her to the clinic.

_____________________________________________

2. You must drive carefully. The roads are wet.

_____________________________________________

3. The pupils went to their classrooms. The school bell rang.

_____________________________________________

4. She visits the dentist. She has a toothache.

_____________________________________________

5. The man hurt himself. He fell off the ladder.

_____________________________________________

6. My hair is long. I visit the barber.

_____________________________________________

7. Jason spotted a snake. He grabbed a stick

_____________________________________________

8. I shall write a letter to her. I have the time.

_____________________________________________

Đáp án

1. When Janet was sick, we took her to the clinic.

2. You must drive carefully when the roads are wet.

3. The pupils went to their classroom when the school bell rang.

4. She visits the dentist when she has a toothache.

5. The man hurt himself when he fell off the ladder.

6. When my hair is long, I visit the barber.

7. When Jason spotted a smake, he grabbed a stick.

8. I shall write a letter to her, when I have the time.

Ex 2.

1. I will call you before I ________ over.

A. come

B. will come

C. will be coming

D. came

2. After she graduates, she ________ a job.

A. got

B. will get

C. had got

D. get

3. When I _________ him tomorrow, I will ask him.

A. saw

B. have seen

C. will see

D. see

4. As soon as it _________ raining, we will leave.

A. stops

B. stop

C. had stopped

D. stopped

5. By the time he comes, we will have already __________.

A. leave

B. leaving

C. left

D. leaves

6. Whenever I ________ her, I say hello.

A. see

B. will see

C. will have seen

D. saw

7. The next time I go to New York, I am going ________ a ballet.

A. seeing

B. see

C. saw

D. to see

8. I will never speak to him again so long as I _______.

A. lives

B. will live

C. am living

D. live

9. By the time Bill ____ to bed tomorrow, he will have had a full day and will be ready for sleep.

A. had gone

B. will go

C. goes

D. went

10. As soon as I finish my report, I will call you and we ________ out for dinner.

A. went

B. will go

C. will have gone

D. go

11. By the time I return to my country, I _________ away from home for more than three years.

A. would be

B. will have been

C. will be

D. am

12. After he _______ breakfast tomorrow, he will get ready to go to work.

A. will have had

B. has

C. will be having

D. have

13. As soon as he finishes dinner, he _______ the children for a work to a nearby playground.

A. will take

B. takes

C. will be taking

D. took

14. When Bill gets home, his children ___________ in the yard.

A. played

B. will play

C. will be playing

D. play

15. He will work at his desk until he ______ to another meeting in the middle of the afternoon.

A. went

B. go

C. will go

D. goes

16. She ________ lunch by the time we arrived.

A. finished

B. has finished

C. had finished

D. finishing

17. Bob will come soon. When Bob _______, we will see him.

A. come

B. will come

C. will be coming

D. comes

18. I will get home at 5:30. After I get home, I ________ dinner.

A. will have

B. will be having

C. had

D. have

19. As soon as the taxi _________, we will be able to leave for the airport.

A. arrives

B. arrive

C. will arrive

D. arrived

20. I will go to bed after I _________my work.

A. finish

B. finished

C. will finish

D. finishes

21. I ________ here when you arrive tomorrow.

A. am

B. had been

C. could be

D. will be

22. I am going to wait right here until Jessica ________.

A. comes

B. will have come

C. is coming

D. came

23. As soon as the war ________over, there will be great joy throughout the land.

A. are

B. will be

C. is

D. would be

24. Right now the tide is low, but when the tide comes in, the ship ______ the harbor.

A. left

B. will leave

C. will have left

D. leave

25. I am going to start making dinner before my wife ______ home from work today.

A. get

B. gets

C. will get

D. got

Đáp án:

Ex 3. Identify the underlined part that needs correction:

1. When it raining, I usually goto school by bus.

2. I learned a lot of Japanesewhile I am in Tokyo.

3. I have not beenwellsince I return home.

4. I’ll stay hereuntil will you get back.

5. When Sam was in New York, hestayswith his cousins.

6. Last night, I had goneto bed afterI had finished my homework.

7. I will callyoubefore I will come over.

8. Ever sinceI wasa child, I had been afraid of dogs.

9. By the time I leftmy apartment this morning, someonelooked for me.

10. Whenever Mark will beangry, his nose gets red.

11. I had friedchicken whenI am at the restaurant.

12. The first timethat I went to New York, I goto an opera.

13. Before I arrived, hewas talking on the phone.

14. When she will see him tomorrow, shewill ask him.

15. As I was walkinghome, it begin to rain.

16. We stayed there afterwe finished our work.

17. Once it will stopraining, we will leave.

18. I will never speakto himagain as long as I will live.

19. As soon as the other passengers getson the bus, we’ll leave.

20. As soon as I will finish my report, I’ll call you and we’ll go out to dinner.

21. Mark was listening tomusic afterhis sister was reading a book.

22. Sam hadn’t received the parcel when I speakto him.

23. I have been hoping to meetyou beforeI read your first novel.

24. By the timeyou finishesgetting ready, we will have missed the train.

25. When you will arrive, there will besomeone to meet.

Đáp án

1. B. raining => rains

When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.

2. D. am => was

I learned a lot of Japanese while I was in Tokyo.

3. C. return => returned

I have not been well since I returned home.

4. D. will you => you

I’ll stay here until you get back.

5. C. stays => stayed

When Sam was in New York, he stayed with his cousins.

6. B. had gone => went

Last night, I went to bed after I had finished my homework.

7. D. will come => come

I will call you before I will come over.

8. C. had been => have been

Ever since I was a child, I have been afraid of dogs.

9. D. looked for => had looked for

By the time I left my apartment this morning, someone had looked for me.

10. A. will be => is

Whenever Mark is angry, his nose gets red.

11. C. am => was

I had fried chicken when I was at the restaurant.

12. C. go => went

The first time that I went to New York, I went to an opera.

13. C. was talking => had talked

Before I arrived, he had talked on the phone.

14. A. will see => sees

When she sees him tomorrow, she will ask him.

15. C. begin => began

As I was walking home, it began to rain.

16. C. finished => had finished

We stayed there after we had finished our work.

17. B. will stop => stops

Once it stops raining, we will leave.

18. D. will live => live

I will never speak to him again as long as I live.

19. B. gets on => get on

As soon as the other passengers get on the bus, we’ll leave.

20. B. will finish => finish

As soon as I finish my report, I’ll call you and we’ll go out to dinner.

21. B. after => while

Mark was listening to music while his sister was reading a book.

22. C. speak => spoke

23. C. before

24. B. finishes => finish

By the time you finish getting ready, we will have missed the train.

25. B. will arrive => arrive

When you arrive, there will be some one to meet.

Ex 4. Chọn đáp án phù hợp để điền vào ô trống:

1. Once you reach the venue, our team _________ meticulously prepared the event details.

a. will have

b. will

c. had

d. have

2. By the time he __________ the borrowed tools, the neighbor had already replaced them with new ones.

a. returns

b. had returned

c. returned

d. will return

3. The professor dedicatedly reviewed each one and provided detailed feedback __________ the students had submitted their essays.

a. when

b. by the time

c. as

d. after

4. As soon as they have completed the construction, the new office building __________ open for occupancy.

a. will be

b. is

c. has been

d. was

5. After the concert __________, the audience applauded enthusiastically for the amazing performance.

a. ends

b. ended

c. is ending

d. has ended

6. While the team was practicing, the coach __________ their performance from the sidelines.

a. had been analyzing

b. was analyzing

c. were analyzing

d. analyzed

7. The new employee will officially join the company __________ he has signed the contract.

a. by

b. when

c. since

d. as soon as

8. By the time she opened the book, someone __________ important passages.

a. had already underlined

b. had already underlined

c. already underlined

d. is already underlying

9. My neighbor __________ the dinner while she was talking on the phone with her friend.

a. burnt

b. had burnt

c. burns

d. is burning

10. They discussed their favorite scenes late into the night __________ they watched the movie.

a. before

b. while

c. after

d. as soon as

11. Before I have a chance to explain, he __________ already formed his own opinion about the situation.

a. is

b. had

c. will

d. has

12. The product will be launched __________ the production team has completed the final quality checks.

a. until

b. when

c. as soon as

d. before

13. While the mechanic was repairing the car, the owner __________ nervously in the garage.

a. had waited

b. will have waited

c. is waiting

d. was waiting

14. __________ I reached the station, the train had already departed.

a. Until

b. By the time

c. While

d. After

15. He immediately called his family to share the exciting update after he __________ the news.

a. receives

b. has received

c. received

d. was receiving

Đáp án

1. will have

2. returned

3. after

4. will be

5. ended

6. was analyzing

7. as soon as

8. had already underlined

9. burnt

10. after

11. has

12. as soon as

13. was waiting

14. By the time

15. received