Cấu trúc viết lại câu Tiếng Anh

I. Những cấu trúc viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh

1. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 1

Viết lại câu sử dụng các từ và cụm từ chỉ nguyên nhân (bởi vì)

Since, As, Because + S + V + …

⇔ Because of, Due to, As a result of + Noun/ V-ing

Eg:

- Because it's stormy right now, we can't go to work. ==> Vì bây giờ đang có bão nên chúng tôi không thể đi làm được

- Because of the storm, we couldn't go to work. ==> Vì bão nên chúng tôi không thể đi làm

2. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 2

Chuyển đổi câu có các từ và cụm từ chỉ sự trái ngược (mặc dù).

Although/Though/Even though + S + V + …

⇔ Despite/ In spite of + Noun/ V-ing

Eg:

- Although I was very tired, I continued to study. ==> Mặc dù rất mệt nhưng tôi vẫn tiếp tục học.

- Despite being tired, I continued to study. ==> Mặc dù mệt mỏi, tôi vẫn tiếp tục học.

3. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 3

Cách viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh sử dụng cấu trúc so that và such that (quá … đến nổi mà) và đi với tính từ/danh từ.

S + be/ V + so + Adj/ Adv. + that …

⇔ It + be + such + Noun + that

Eg:

- This film is so boring that no one wants to see it. ==> Phim này chán quá chả ai muốn xem

↔ It is such a boring film that no one wants to see it. ==> Đó là một bộ phim nhàm chán mà không ai muốn xem nó.

4. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 4

Cấu trúc too to (không thể) được dùng thay thế với cấu trúc enough

S + V + too + Adj. + to V

⇔ not + Adj. + enough + to V

Eg:

- Minh is too fat to wear that dress. ==> Minh quá béo để mặc chiếc váy đó.

↔ Minh is not thin enough to wear that dress. ==> Minh không đủ gầy để mặc chiếc váy đó.

5. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 5

Cấu trúc so that và such that (quá .. đến mức) được sử dụng để thay thế với cấu trúc too to (quá … đến mức không thể)

So + Adj. + that hoặc such + noun + that

⇔ too + Adj. (for somebody) + to V

Eg:

- These shoes are so small that she can't wear it. ==> Những đôi giày này quá nhỏ đến nỗi cô ấy không thể mang nó.

↔ These shoes are too small for her to wear. ==> Những đôi giày này quá nhỏ để cô ấy mang.

6. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 6

Cách viết lại câu với cấu trúc find something adj

To V + be + Adj./Noun

⇔ S + find + it + Adj./Noun + to V

Eg:

- To live in the countryside alone could be hard for him. ==> Sống ở nông thôn một mình có thể khó khăn cho anh ấy.

↔ He finds it hard to live alone in the countryside. ==> Anh ấy thấy khó sống một mình ở nông thôn.

7. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 7

Viết lại những câu điều kiện tương đương trong tiếng Anh

Câu gốc	Câu viết lại	Ví dụ
mệnh đề 1 + so + mệnh đề 2	If + mệnh đề 1, mệnh đề 2	- Jack didn't bring a raincoat so he got wet. ==> Jack không mang theo áo mưa nên anh ấy bị ướt ↔ If Jack had brought his raincoat, he wouldn't have got wet. ==> Nếu Jack đã mang theo áo mưa của anh ấy thì anh ấy đã không bị ướt.
mệnh đề 1 + because + mệnh đề 2	If + mệnh đề 2, mệnh đề 1	- She can't go out because she has no money. ==> Cô ấy không thể ra ngoài vì cô ấy không có tiền. ↔ If she has money, she can go out ==> Nếu cô ấy có tiền, cô ấy có thể ra ngoài.

8. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 8

Chuyển đổi cấu trúc câu If not sang unless

If … not ⇔ Unless …

Lưu ý: Không được thay đổi đối với loại câu điều kiện, các bạn chỉ được thay đổi nghĩa phủ định hay nghi vấn của nó.

Eg:

- If it doesn't rain, we can go camping. ==> Nếu trời không mưa, chúng ta có thể đi cắm trại.

↔ Unless it rains, we can go camping. ==> Trừ khi trời mưa, chúng ta có thể đi cắm trại.

9. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 9

Viết lại câu từ thì hiện tại hoàn thành chuyển sang thì quá khứ đơn (dùng chủ ngữ giả ‘it’)

S + have/has + V3/-ed

⇔ It has been + [thời gian] + since + S + V2/-ed + …

Eg:

- Minh and Trang have been married for 2 years. ==> Minh và Trang kết hôn được 2 năm

↔ It’s been 2 years since Minh and Trang were married. ==> Đã 2 năm kể từ khi Minh và Trang kết hôn.

10. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 10

Chuyển đổi mẫu câu điều ước

	Cấu trúc	Ví dụ
Câu ước ở tương lai	Wish + someone + would + bare infinitive	- He won’t come back here. ==> Ạnh ấy sẽ không trở lại đây. ↔ I wish he would come back here. ==> Tôi ước anh ấy sẽ quay lại đây.
Câu ước ở hiện tại	Wish + someone + V2/-ed	I don’t have lots of money. ==> tôi không có nhiều tiền. ↔ I wish I could have lots of money. ==> Tôi ước tôi có thật nhiều tiền.
Câu ước ở quá khứ	Wish + someone + had + V3/-ed	- I didn't say that I love her. ==> Tôi không nói rằng tôi yêu cô ấy. ↔ I wish I had said that I loved her. ==> Tôi ước tôi đã nói rằng tôi yêu cô ấy.

11. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 11

Chuyển đổi câu có thì hiện tại hoàn thành ở thể phủ định sang thì quá khứ đơn (cấu trúc the last time hoặc cấu trúc when)

S + have/has + NOT + V3/-ed + since/for …

⇔ S + last + V2/-ed + when + S + V

⇔ The last time + S + V + was …

Eg:

- I haven't met Marry since we left school. ==> Tôi đã không gặp Marry kể từ khi chúng tôi rời trường.

↔ The last time I met Mary was when we left school. ==> Lần cuối cùng tôi gặp Mary là khi chúng tôi tan học.

12. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 12

Chuyển câu từ thì quá khứ đơn sang thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

S + V2/-ed + …

⇔ S + have/has + been + V-ing + since/for + …

Eg:

- Jack started playing guitar since he was five. ==> Jack bắt đầu chơi guitar từ khi anh ấy lên năm.

↔ Jack has been playing guitar since he was five. ==> Jack đã chơi guitar từ khi anh ấy lên năm.

13. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 13

Viết lại câu với cấu trúc it takes time (dành/tốn thời gian để làm gì đó)

S + V + … + [thời gian]

⇔ It takes/took + someone + [thời gian] + to V

Eg:

- Trang walks to school in 10 minutes. ==> Trang đi bộ đến trường trong 10 phút.

↔ It takes Trang 10 minutes to walk to school. ==> Trang mất 10 phút đi bộ đến trường.

14. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 14

Chuyển đổi sử dụng cấu trúc it was not until … that (mãi cho tới khi)

S + didn’t + V (bare) + …. until …

⇔ It was not until + … + that + …

Eg:

- Hai didn’t go home until he finished all the tasks. ==> Hải đã không về nhà cho đến khi anh ấy hoàn thành tất cả các công việc.

↔ It was not until Hai finished all the tasks that he went home. ==> Mãi đến khi Hải làm xong việc mới chịu về nhà.

15. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 15

Các dạng cấu trúc viết lại câu của cấu trúc so sánh trong tiếng Anh.

Chuyển đổi mẫu câu so sánh hơn thành so sánh nhất và ngược lại

Eg:

- In my opinion, Vietnam is the most beautiful country. ==> Theo tôi, Việt Nam là đất nước đẹp nhất

↔ In my opinion, no other place on earth can be more beautiful than Vietnam. ==> Theo tôi, không có nơi nào khác trên trái đất có thể đẹp hơn Việt Nam.

Chuyển đổi mẫu câu so sánh bằng thành so sánh hơn và ngược lại

Eg:

- My cake isn’t as big as her cake. ==> Bánh của tôi không to bằng bánh của cô ấy

↔ Her cake is bigger than my cake. ==> Bánh của cô ấy to hơn bánh của tôi

16. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 16

Chuyển cấu trúc started/began sang thì hiện tại hoàn thành

S + began/ started + V-ing/to V  + [thời gian] ago

⇔ S + have/has + V3/-ed hoặc been + V-ing + since/for …

Eg:

- He began to learn English 3 years ago. ==> Anh ấy bắt đầu học tiếng Anh 3 năm trước.

↔ He has learned/ has been learning English for 3 years. ==> Anh ấy đã học/ đã học tiếng Anh được 3 năm.

17. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 17

Cách viết lại câu với cấu trúc This is the first time trong tiếng Anh.

This is the first time + S + have/has + V3/-ed

⇔ S + have/has + never (not) + V3/-ed + before

Eg:

- This is my first time I have listened to this song. ==> Đây là lần đầu tiên tôi nghe bài hát này.

↔ I have never listened this song before. ==> Tôi chưa bao giờ nghe bài hát này trước đây.

18. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 18

Cấu trúc It’s time/ it’s high time/ it’s about time 

S + should/ought to/had better + V …

⇔ It’s (high/about) time + S + V2/-ed …

Eg:

- You‘d better go to bed. ==> Bạn nên đi ngủ.

↔ It‘s (high/about) time you went to

19. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 19

Các dạng viết lại câu đề nghị tương đồng trong tiếng Anh: cấu trúc suggest that, let’s,…

Shall we + V

⇔ Let’s + V

⇔ How/What about + V-ing

⇔ Why don’t we + V

⇔ S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

⇔ In my opinion

Eg:

- “Why don't we go out for a walk?” said the boy. ==> “Tại sao chúng ta không ra ngoài đi dạo?” cậu bé nói.

↔ The boy suggested going out for a walk. ==> Chàng trai đề nghị ra ngoài đi dạo

Let’s have some rest! ==> Hãy nghỉ ngơi một chút!

↔ What about having some rest? ==> Còn việc nghỉ ngơi thì sao?

20. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 20

Câu tường thuật dạng câu bị động

Câu chủ động	Câu bị động	Ví dụ
People say + S + V + …	It be said that + S + V	- They say that she drinks a lot of wine. ==> Họ nói rằng cô ấy uống rất nhiều rượu. ↔ It is said that she drinks a lot of wine.
	S + be said to + V hoặc to have V3/-ed	- They say that he drinks a lot of wine. ==> Họ nói rằng anh ấy uống rất nhiều rượu. ↔ She is said to drink a lot of wine. ==> Cô được cho là uống rất nhiều rượu

21 Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 21

Sử dụng cấu trúc hardly when và no sooner than trong tiếng Anh

Hardly + had + S + V3/-ed when + S + V3/-ed

⇔ No sooner + had + S + V3/-ed than + S + V3/-ed

Eg:

As soon as I go home, she showed up. ==> Ngay sau khi tôi về nhà, cô ấy xuất hiện.

↔ Hardly had I gone home when she showed up. ==> Tôi vừa về đến nhà thì cô ấy xuất hiện.

↔ No sooner had I gone home than she showed up. ==> Tôi vừa về đến nhà thì cô ấy đã xuất hiện.

22. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 22

Sử dụng cấu trúc Supposed to V

It’s one’s duty to do something

⇔ S + be + supposed to do something

Eg:

- It’s your duty to protect Hoa. ==> Đó là nhiệm vụ của bạn để bảo vệ Hoa.

↔ You are supposed to protect Hoa. ==> Bạn phải bảo vệ Hoa

23. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 23

Dùng cấu trúc prefer và would rather

S +  prefer + doing st to doing st

⇔ S + would rather + do st than do st

Eg:

- I prefer staying at home to hanging out with her. ==> Tôi thích ở nhà hơn đi chơi với cô ấy.

↔ I would rather stay at home than hang out with her. ==> Tôi thà ở nhà hơn là đi chơi với cô ấy.

24. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 24

Dùng cấu trúc would prefer và would rather

S + would prefer + sb + to V

⇔ S + would rather + sb + V2/-ed

Eg:

- I would prefer she not to stay up late. ==> Tôi muốn cô ấy không thức khuya.

↔ I would rather she not stayed up late. ==> Tôi muốn cô ấy không thức khuya.

25. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 25

Cấu trúc so that/ in order that (trong trường hợp chủ từ ở 2 câu là khác nhau)

S + V + so that/ in order that + S + V

⇔ S + V + (for O) + to infinitive

Eg:

- My mom turned off the TV so that we could sleep. ==> Mẹ tôi tắt TV để chúng tôi có thể ngủ.

↔ My mom turned off the TV for us to sleep. ==> Mẹ tôi tắt TV cho chúng tôi ngủ.

26. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 26

To be + not worth + V-ing

⇔ There + be + no point in + V-ing

Eg:

- It’s not worth getting upset about that. ==> Không đáng để buồn về điều đó.

↔ There’s no point in getting upset about that. ==> There’s no point in getting upset about that.

27. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 27

Dùng cấu trúc cảm thán How và What

S + be/V + adj/adv

⇔ How + adj/adv + S + be/V

Eg:

- He runs quickly. ==> anh ấy chạy nhanh thật!

↔ How quickly he runs! ==> Anh ấy chạy nhanh quá!

S + be + adj 

⇔ What + a/an + adj + N

Eg:

- The girl is so beautiful. ==> Cô gái thật xinh đẹp.

↔ What a beautiful girl! ==> Thật là một cô gái xinh đẹp.

28. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 28

Cấu trúc it is necessary that

Need to V
⇔ to be necessary (for sb) + to V

Eg:

- You don’t need to come here. ==> Bạn không cần phải đến đây.

↔ It’s not necessary for you to come here. ==> Bạn không cần thiết phải đến đây.

Not… anymore

⇔ No longer + đảo ngữ

⇔ S + no more + V

Eg:

- She doesn't love you anymore. ==> Cô ấy không còn yêu bạn nữa.

↔ No longer does she love you. ==> Cô ấy không còn yêu bạn nữa.

↔ She no more love you. ==> Cô ấy không còn yêu bạn nữa.

29. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 29

Dùng cấu trúc used to tương đương với cấu trúc accustomed to

S + be accustomed to + V-ing/N

⇔ S + be used to + V-ing/N

Eg:

- My sister was accustomed to sleeping late. ==> Em gái tôi đã quen với việc ngủ muộn.

↔ My sister was used to sleeping late. ==> Em gái tôi đã quen với việc ngủ muộn.

30. Cấu trúc viết lại câu thứ 30

Dùng to infinitive để thay thế cho cấu trúc because

S + V + because + S + V

⇔ S + V + to V

Eg:

- He studies hard because he wants to pass the exam. ==> Anh ấy học chăm chỉ vì anh ấy muốn vượt qua kỳ thi.

↔ He studies hard to pass the exam. ==> Anh ấy học hành chăm chỉ để vượt qua kỳ thi.

II. Bài tập viết lại câu trong tiếng Anh

Exercise 1: Complete the second sentence, using the word given at the end of the first sentence so that it remains the same meaning as the first one.

1. She hasn’t decided what career to follow yet. STILL

She ____________________ what career to follow.

2. They haven’t talked to each other for two years. SINCE

It’s ____________________ to each other.

3. She has never heard such a ridiculous lie. MOST

It’s the ___________ever heard.

4. How long is it since he quit school? AGO

How long ______________ school?

5. She started writing novels four years ago. BEEN

She ____________ four years.

6. They have never been to a Chinese restaurant before. FIRST

It’s the ____________ to a Chinese restaurant.

7. She hasn’t been out for months. TIME

The last __________________ months ago.

8. How long is it since you found that job? AGO

How ________ that job?

9. She took up stamp collecting ten years ago. BEEN

She ____________________ ten years.

10. The guests didn’t start dancing until the newly weds had arrived. BEFORE

The guests waited until the newly weds__________ dancing.

11. The teacher meant to give us a quiz but she forgot it. GOING

The teacher _________ a quiz but she forgot it.

12. My mother always read bedtime stories to me when I was little. READ

My mother _____________ to me when I was young.

13. My brother always told lies when he was little. USED TO

My brother_____________ when he was little.

14. She didn’t wake up early, but now she does. USED

She ___________________________ early.

15. I don’t think I’ll ever find it easy to accept insults. USED

I don’t think I’ll ever _____________ insults.

16. She rarely wears jeans. USED

She ___________________ jeans.

17. He hasn’t been to school for four days. ABSENT

He _____________ school for four days.

18. She keeps interrupting every conversation I have. BREAKING

She ____________ every conversation I have.

19. Most boys are good at math. BRILLIANT

Most boys _______ math.

20. Mini skirts are fashionable this year. ARE

Mini skirts ____________ this year.

21. I know that blonde little girl. ACQUAINTED

I ____________ that blonde little girl.

Exercise 2: Reported Speech.

1. “Why didn’t I get a computer before? “ thought the office manager.

The office manager wondered………

2. “ You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said William.

William accused………………………

3. “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Magaret.

Magaret accused ……………………

4. “You’d better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,” said John.

John advised……………………

5. Helen wanted to know the name of Shirley’s hairdresser’s.

Helen said, “Shirley, where………………?”

6. Why don’t you meet to discuss the pay offer?

I suggest you ………………

7. “How old is your little boy?” said the nurse to Mrs Bingley.

The nurse asked Mrs Bingley………………

8. “ Never borrow money from friends” my father said.

My father told me………………………

9. “Where is the station car-park?” Mrs Smith asked

Mrs. Smith asked………………………

10. “You’d better go to the doctor if you’ve got a pain in your back, Anna,” Henray said.

Henry suggested……………

11. You have done really well to pass your driving test so quickly.

She congratulated ............................................

12. ‘I’m sorry I didn’t ring you to say I’d be late.’

He apologised ..........................................

13. ‘I never told anyone about your scheme,’ he said.

He denied .....................................

14. ‘If Brian doesn’t train harder, I won’t select him for the team.’ said the manager.

The manager threatened ...........................................

15. The doctor advised me to rest.

The doctor suggested ............................

16. He told me my request was unreasonable.

He said, “You can hardly ..............................

17. He warned them against using the mountain road.

“I wouldn’t ............................

18. “I admit that I forgot to turn on the alarm system,” said Robert.

Robert confessed to ………………………

Exercise 3: Complete the second sentence so that it expresses the same meaning as the original one.

1. I started working for the company a year ago.

I have been ……………………………………

2. It is one hundred years since the birth of D.H Lawrence, the famous novelist.

D.H Lawrence ………………

3. How long have Catherine and Henry been engaged?

When………………………………?

4. I last saw him when I was a student.

I haven’t……………………

5. It is ages since Alan visited his parents.

Alan hasn’t………………

6. We will not see each other again before I go.

This will be the last time …………………………….

7. The train left before he got to the station.

By the time …………………………….....

8. The school was founded ten years ago.

It is ten years……. ………………...........

9. She hadn’t had a relapse for six months.

It was ...........................................

10. I haven’t forgone a meal for two years.

The last time ...........................................

11 No-one has challenged his authority before.

This is the first time ……………………

12. I was surprised at how easy he was to talk to.

I hadn’t expected ......................................

13. It’s almost nine months since I stopped subscribing to that magazine.

I cancelled ………………………………

14. My decision to get up and dance coincided with the band’s decision to stop playing.

When .........................................

15. After seeing the film for himself, my father has stopped criticising it.

Since ................................................

16. John hasn’t done any revision since spring term.

The last time ....................................................

Exercise 4: Conditional Sentences.

1. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.

If Susan……………………………………………

2. Maria did not apply for the job in the library and regrets now.

Maria wishes……………………………………

3. Without his treatment, the patient would have died.

If he ………………………................……………

4. It’s a pity I didn’t take my doctor’s advice.

I wish…………………………………………

5. The accident happed because the train driver ignored a warning light.

If the train driver………………………………………

6. We got lost because we did not have a map.

If we……………………………………………

7. He was sorry he had not said goodbye to her at the airport.

He regretted…………………………………………

8. Mrs. Taylor does not like living in such a small house.

Mrs. Taylor wishes…………………………………………

9. Mr. Mills lost his job because he was late every day.

If Mr. Mills………………………………………………

10. In the unlikely event of a fire, please do not use the lift.

Should ..........................................................

11. It was his own fault that he lost the job. He was late for work every morning.

If ...................................................................

12. If you should get caught doing this. You will go to prison.

Were .......................................................

13. If we don’t hear from you within seven days, the order will be cancelled.

Unless ...........................................................

14. If you didn’t contribute generously, we couldn’t continue our work.

But for .......................................................................

15. All that stood between John and a gold medal was Jim’s greater speed.

But for .............................................................................

16. The students regretted that they had missed the lecture.

The students regretted not ......................................................

17. If you missed the programme you can’t really judge.

Unless ...................................................................

18. Robert is sorry now that he didn’t accept the job.

Robert now wishes ..............................................................................

19. Experts think that all dogs evolved from wolves.

All dogs are .....................................................................

20. Richard only took over the family business because his father decided to retire early.

But for his ...............................................................................

21. She is now leading a normal life as a result of all the support she received from social workers.

If she ............................................................

22. If I have plenty of warning, I’ll willingly baby-sit for you.

Provided you ...........................................................................

23. I was exasperated when the appointment was cancelled once again.

Imagine ....................................................................

24. The only reason the party was a success was that a famous film star attended.

Had it not ....................................................................

25. If Cathy hadn’t been so mean, we’d have had a really good time.

But ......................................................................

26. I can’t imagine myself ever singing in public.

I would .....................................................................

27. I wish I’d paid more attention to his warnings.

I regret ...............................................................

28. It is a shame he had to leave before the end of the show.

I wish ..................................................

29. Your car might break down on the rough mountain road, so take plenty of spare parts.

In case……………………………………………

Exercise 5: Passive Voice or active voice

Complete the second sentence so that it stays the same meaning as the first one.

1. My suit needs to be cleaned before the interview.

I must………………………………………………………

2. He is said to have been in the French Foreign Legion.

People……………………………………………………

3. The keepers feed the lions at 3p.m every day.

The lions………………………………………………

4. Turn off all the switches before leaving the workshop.

All the switches must……………………………………………

5. The police made the youth empty his pockets.

The youth…………………………………………..

6. People say that the president wanted to be a film star.

The president is............................................

7. It’s impossible for them to have found him in that jungle.

He .......................................................................

8. The thinking is that he has been targeted to succeed the president.

He is ...........................................................................

9. They never made us do anything we didn’t want to do.

We ...............................................................................

10. Nothing was done about it.

Nobody .......................................................................

11. We couldn’t make the machine work.

The machine .....................................................................

12. The hurricane blew the roof off the house.

The house .........................................................................

13. It is said that he escaped to a neutral country.

He ...............................................................................

14. Oil was slowly coating the edge of the shore.

The edge of the shore ...................................................................

15. If the work is finished by lunchtime you can go home.

Get ..............................................................................

16. Their teacher is making them study hard.

They are ...............................................................................

17. The brochure gives hardly any useful information.

Precious .......................................................................

18. The government shouldn’t let this situation get worse.

This state ........................................................................

19. The completion of the work was scheduled for last week.

The work was to .................................................................

21. Most newsagents these days have ice-cream available all summer.

Ice-cream can ....................................................................

22. I took my car to the garage last Saturday and they resprayed it.

I had .................................................................

23. The collision didn’t damage my car much.

Not a great .................................................................

24. The critics were very impressed by her performance.

Her performance made ...............................................

25. I have frequently made stupid mistakes like that.

Many’s.........................................................................

26. The manager wrote a long ungrammatical report.

The report ................................................................

27. Edward eventually organised himself and started work.

Edward eventually got his ……………………………….......

28. The government have been reviewing their immigration policy for some time.

The government’s ................................................................................

29. A new flu vaccine has been on trial since the beginning of the year.

They .............................................................................

30. His behaviour is beginning to annoy me more and more.

I am beggining to ...................................................................

31. It is impossible to accept your explanation without a thorough investigation.

Your explanation .....................................................................

EXERCISE 6: It is + adj ….

1. Roses can’t possibly grow in such poor ground.

It is impossible……………………

2. Handicapped people find shopping in supermarkets difficult.

It is difficult………………………………

3. It is pointless to have that old typewrites repaired.

That old typewriter is not…………………………………..…………………………………………………

4. It is hardly likely that he took poison.

He is ...................................

5. It’s difficult to answer her question adequately.

Hers is ........................................................

6. If we wait long enough we’ll get what we want.

It’s just .........................................................

7. Trudy was quite relieved when she found out the truth.

It was something .........................................................................................

8. Didn’t you realise that he was only pretending?

Didn’t it .........................................................

9. They’ll soon find out what she’s been doing.

It won’t ............................................

10. Mr. Foster asked me to write this letter to you.

It is at ...........

11. This device has the capacity to detect potential engine failure.

It ........................................................

Exercise 7: Clauses

1. This furniture is so old that it is not worth keeping.

This is………………………………………

2. The bread is so steal we can’t eat it.

The bread is not……………………………………

3. Although he didn’t speak Dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam.

In spite ……………………………………………………

4. In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs seven miles before breakfast.

Although…………………………………………

5. The bridge was so low the bus couldn’t do under it.

It was…………………………………………

6. That was a silly thing to say!

What……………………………………….………………………

7. I admit he’s clever, but I don’t think he’ll solve this problem.

However ....................................................................

8. He managed to complete the sculpture although his eyesight was failing.

Despite ...................................................

9. Although it rained torrentially all day, we all enjoyed the excursion.

Despite ........................................................................

10. However friendly he seems, he’s not to be trusted.

Friendly .....................................................................................

11. Although he was very tired, he agreed to play tennis.

Tired ............................................................................................

12. My slow progress was due to bad teaching.

As a result ..........................................................

13. One runner was too exhausted to complete the last lap of the race.

One runner was so..................................................................................

14. Melissa’s father was very busy, but he still played with her.

Busy ....................................................................................

15. In spite of the forecast it stayed fine.

Although rain ....................................................................

16. Provided your handwriting is legible the examiner will accept your answer.

So long as the examiner ..............................................

17. You can use it as long as you like, and it won’t wear out.

No matter ........................................................