Read the article. Match the highlighted words with their meanings. (Đọc bài viết. Nối các từ được đánh dấu với ý nghĩa của chúng)

THE EDUCATIONAL JOURNEY FOR SCHOOL-LEAVERS

This month, Teen Talk magazine has received many letters from secondary school students asking about the different options for school-leavers. We've talked to educational experts, and they think that young people should either continue their studies at a college or university or go to a vocational school.

A. ______________________

Higher education is really for people who want formal learning in order to get an academic degree. If you are good at certain subjects and need a degree related to those subjects, then university is the right choice for you. Besides studying, university students also have the opportunity to live independently, make new friends, and join different clubs. Many students still manage to work part-time during their university years. In addition, college or university students usually have an advantage over students from vocational schools when it comes to further studies after a degree. They will also have broader career options and an advantage in the job market.

B. ______________________

If you are not interested in traditional academic subjects and want to work ina specific trade, then vocational education is the right choice for you. You will gain the practical skills and knowledge necessary for a specific job. In addition, a vocational school may also offer you an apprenticeship. This type of training not only provides students with hands-on experience, but also gives them wages to cover their living costs. Most importantly, vocational training is usually much shorter than a college or university course. After getting their vocational qualifications, graduates can immediately start work and earn a salary.

There are a lot of educational opportunities for school-leavers today. You can choose from hundreds of vocational schools or higher education institutions to continue your educational journey.

Options for school-leavers

Work in pairs. Which of the two options for school-leavers is more common in your town? Can you think of other options? (Làm việc theo cặp. Lựa chọn nào trong hai lựa chọn dành cho học sinh nghỉ học phổ biến hơn ở thị trấn của bạn? Bạn có thể nghĩ ra các lựa chọn khác không?)

Work in pairs. Make sentences, using perfect gerunds and perfect participle clauses. (Làm việc theo cặp. Đặt câu, sử dụng danh động từ hoàn thành và mệnh đề phân từ hoàn thành)

Rewrite these sentences using perfect participle clauses. (Viết lại những câu này sử dụng mệnh đề phân từ hoàn thành)

1. After we listened to an introduction to the course, we asked some questions.

-> _________, we asked some questions.

2. He failed the university entrance exams, then he decided to train to become a car mechanic.

-> _________, he decided to train to become a car mechanic.

3. His brother had not studied hard enough, so he failed the exams.

-> _________, his brother failed the exams.

4. After I answered the job interview questions, I was asked to prepare a short presentation.

-> _________, I was asked to prepare a short presentation.

Grammar

Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences. (Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong các câu sau)

1. I forgot have discussed this topic with you.

2. Had won many maths competitions helped me win a place at university.

3. Nam regretted not having choose a more interesting Course at university.

4. He was proud of had won the first place at the biology competition.

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words and phrase in 1. (Hoàn thành các câu sử dụng dạng đúng của các từ và cụm từ trong 1)

1. Many parents nowadays want their children to pursue ____________ at universities after leaving school.

2. He didn't get the job he wanted because he didn‘t have the right _____________.

3. Many _____________ choose to go to university to study academic subjects.

4. More and more young people prefer ____________ because they like to learn practical skills.

5. Many young people find it hard to get a job immediately after ______________.

Vocabulary

Completing your education

Listen and mark the intonation in these questions, using (rising intonation) or (falling intonation). Then practise saying them in pairs. (Nghe và đánh dấu ngữ điệu trong những câu hỏi này, sử dụng (tăng ngữ điệu) hoặc (giảm ngữ điệu). Sau đó thực hành nói chúng theo cặp)

Bài nghe:

Pronunciation

Listen and repeat. Pay attention to the falling or rising intonation in each of the following questions. (Lắng nghe và lặp lại. Hãy chú ý đến ngữ điệu xuóng hoặc lên trong mỗi câu hỏi sau đây)

Bài nghe:

Complete the sentences using phrases from 1. (Hoàn thành các câu sử dụng các cụm từ bài 1)

1. _________ several biology competitions, Mai wants to study biology and become a scientist.

2. Mai’s mum still regrets not _________ to university.

3. _________ father work very hard for many years helped Nam make his decision.

Find phrases in the conversation that mean the following. (Tìm các cụm từ trong đoạn hội thoại có nghĩa như sau)

1. an event at which students can talk to representatives of universities or vocational schools about their study options.

2. an exam that someone takes to be accepted into a school or university.

3. studying at school or university to gain knowledge and develop thinking skills.

4. a place that teaches skills needed for particular jobs.

Read the conversation again. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). (Đọc đoạn hội thoại một lần nữa. Quyết định xem những câu sau đây là đúng (T) hay sai (F)

1. School-leavers only have the option of academic education.

2. Good grades at school can help students get into university.

3. Vocational schools are for those who want to develop job skills.

4. Nam wants to work at his father’s car repair shop after leaving school.

Planning our education

Listen and read (Nghe và đọc)

Bài nghe:

Work in groups. Choose a type of heritage that you are interested in and propose ways to preserve it. Present your ideas to the class in the form of an oral presentation, a leaflet, or a poster. Use these questions as cues. (Làm việc theo nhóm. Chọn một loại di sản mà bạn quan tâm và đề xuất các cách để bảo tồn nó. Trình bày ý tưởng của bạn trước lớp dưới hình thức thuyết trình, tờ rơi hoặc áp phích. Sử dụng những câu hỏi này làm gợi ý.)

1. What is the heritage? Where is it? Is it cultural or natural heritage?

2. What is it famous for?

3. How important is it?

4. What can we do to preserve it?

Grammar

Rewrite the sentences using to-infinitive clauses. (Viết lại câu sử dụng mệnh đề nguyên thể có 'to')

1. Mai went to Soc Son because she wanted to attend the Giong Festival.

2. The first place that you can visit on the trip is Hue Imperial Citadel.

3. Our music teacher gave lessons in xoan singing because she wanted to help us appreciate our cultural heritage.

4. The most famous site that you can see is the old bridge across the river.

Vocabulary

Choose the correct word to complete each sentence. (Chọn từ đúng để hoàn thành mỗi câu)

1. Many ancient houses in the city are not (well preserved / well promoted) because of changes over time and bad weather.

2. His (historical / historic) novels are based on events that happened in the early 19th century.

3. Older generations worry that (folk / festival) music and dances will die out because young people only listen to pop music.

4. The heritage site is (promoted / protected) as a tourist destination on social media.

Pronunciation

Listen and mark the intonation in the following sentences, using (falling intonation) or (level-rising intonation). Then practise saying them in pairs. (Nghe và đánh dấu ngữ điệu trong các câu sau, sử dụng (ngữ điệu giảm dần) hoặc (ngữ điệu tăng dần). Sau đó thực hành nói chúng theo cặp)

Bài nghe:

Work in groups. Discuss the following questions. (Làm việc nhóm. Thảo luận các câu hỏi sau)

Are the methods of preserving heritage in the text used in Viet Nam? Which one do you think works best in Viet Nam? (Các phương pháp bảo tồn di sản trong văn bản có được sử dụng ở Việt Nam không? Bạn nghĩ cái nào hoạt động tốt nhất ở Việt Nam?)

Culture

Read the text and answer the questions. (Đọc đoạn văn và trả lời các câu hỏi)

PRESERVING HERITAGE AROUND THE WORLD

Crowdfunding for heritage!

Preserving their heritage can present a challenge to many nations, especially if they have a large number of heritage sites, like Italy does. However, the country has found a new method of raising money for heritage projects from a large number of individuals and businesses - crowdfunding. For example, loveitaly, a non-profit organisation, uses its website to reach all the people around the world who love Italy, and collects donations from everyone who wants to help. One of their first success stories was raising enough money to restore an ancient site in Pompeii.

Strict heritage laws

In Australia, individuals and companies have to pay a fine of AUS1,000 to AUS5,000 for any damage to heritage sites or objects, regardless of whether they can be repaired. In some cases, the fines are heavier, and people could even face time in prison. The authorities hope the harsher punishments can stop people from destroying or damaging it cultural sites and items, and prevent heritage crime.

Tourism works!

Spain is one of the countries that has successfully promotedits cultural heritage through tourism. For many years, festivals such as La Tomatina (in which people throw tomatoes at each other) or Las Fallas (a five-day festival of fireworks and light shows) in Valencia have attracted millions of local and foreign tourists. The unique architecture in Barcelona, home to nine UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and Santiago de Compostela’s Old Town, which is also on the world heritage list, are famous all over the world.

Which country ...

1. raises money from the public for restoring its heritage?

2. organises successful festivals that attract visitors from around the world?

3. fines people heavily if they damage its heritage?

Work in pairs. Use the model in 1 to make similar conversations for these situations. One of you is Student A, the other is Student B. Use the expressions below fo help you. (Làm việc theo cặp. Sử dụng mô hình trong phần 1 để tạo các hội thoại tương tự cho các tình huống này. Một trong số các bạn là Học sinh A, người kia là Học sinh B. Sử dụng các cách diễn đạt dưới đây để giúp bạn)

1. Student A is asking for directions to Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum. Student B uses the map to give directions.

2. Student B is asking for directions to Ha Noi Flag Tower. Student A uses the map to give directions.

Everyday English

Asking for and giving directions

Listen and complete the conversation with the expressions in the box. Then practise it in pairs. (Nghe và hoàn thành cuộc hội thoại với các biểu thức trong hộp. Sau đó thực hành nó theo cặp)

Bài nghe:

Write a leaflet about the problems that Trang An may face and the possible solutions to them. Use the ideas in 1 and the outline below to help you. (Viết một tờ rơi về những vấn đề mà Tràng An có thể gặp phải và các giải pháp khả thi cho chúng. Sử dụng các ý tưởng trong 1 và phác thảo dưới đây để giúp bạn)

Work in pairs. Put the problems that Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex may face and the possible solutions in the correct blanks. (Làm việc theo cặp. Đặt các vấn đề mà Quần thể danh thắng Tràng An có thể gặp phải và các giải pháp khả thi vào chỗ trống)

A. educating young people about the importance of heritage

B. damaging the ecosystem

C. loss of cultural values

D. organising eco-tours to natural heritage sites

Work in pairs. Make some predictions about what the tour guide will say next. (Làm việc theo cặp. Đưa ra một số dự đoán về những gì hướng dẫn viên du lịch sẽ nói tiếp theo)

 Listen to the talk again and complete each gap in the notes with no more than THREE words and/or a number. (Nghe lại bài nói và hoàn thành mỗi khoảng trống trong ghi chú với không quá BA từ và/hoặc một con số)

Bài nghe:

Listen to a talk. What is the talk mainly about? (Nghe một cuộc nói chuyện. chủ yếu nói về cái gì?)

Bài nghe

A trip to Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex

Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions. (Làm việc theo cặp. Hỏi và trả lời câu hỏi)

What do you know about Trang An? Have you been there? If yes, what did you see or do there? (Bạn biết gì về Tràng An? Bạn đã ở đó chưa? Nếu có, bạn đã thấy gì hoặc làm gì ở đó?)

Work in groups. Think of a form of cultural heritage (such as a tradition, a festival, or a form of music), and discuss ways to preserve it. Report your group’s ideas to the whole class. (Làm việc nhóm. Hãy nghĩ về một dạng di sản văn hóa (chẳng hạn như một truyền thống, một lễ hội hoặc một loại hình âm nhạc) và thảo luận về các cách để bảo tồn nó. Báo cáo ý tưởng của nhóm bạn với cả lớp)

Work in pairs. Make a similar conversation about ways to preserve cultural heritage. Use the ideas in 1, the model in 2, and the tips above to help you. (Làm việc theo cặp. Thực hiện một cuộc trò chuyện tương tự về cách bảo tồn di sản văn hóa. Sử dụng các ý tưởng trong phần 1, mô hình trong phần 2 và các mẹo ở trên để giúp bạn)

Complete the conversation with the words and phrase in the box. Then practise It in pairs. (Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại với các từ và cụm từ trong hộp. Sau đó thực hành Nó theo cặp)

A. Well

B. Right

C. Really

D. Let me think

Nam: What do you think is the best way to preserve cultural heritage?

Anna: (1) _____________. The best way to preserve it is to raise people’s awareness of its importance.

Nam: (2) _____________. We can set up school jobs for students to learn about forms of cultural heritage, such as folk music, singing, or dancing.

Anna: (3) ____________, our classmates will show no interest in such clubs.

Nam: (4) ____________? Why do you think so?

Anna: Traditional arts are not fashionable. There are so many other exciting things for us to do.

Nam: That's why it’s important to make such clubs more interesting for teenagers.

Preserving cultural heritage

Work in pairs. Discuss the following questions. (Làm việc theo cặp. Thảo luận các câu hỏi sau)

Which of the ideas in the text do you like most? How will it help preserve heritage? (Bạn thích ý tưởng nào nhất trong văn bản? Làm thế nào nó sẽ giúp bảo tồn di sản?)

Read the article again and decide which paragraph includes the following information. (Đọc bài viết một lần nữa và quyết định đoạn nào bao gồm các thông tin sau)

Read the article again. Match the following headings (1-4) with the appropriate paragraphs (A-C). There is ONE extra heading. (Đọc lại bài viết. Nối các tiêu đề sau (1-4) với các đoạn thích hợp (A-C). Có MỘT tiêu đề phụ)

1. Organising photo competitions of performing artists

2. Promoting and developing the folk arts

3. Making use of social media to promote heritage

4. Opportunities to learn about heritage and be involved in problem-solving

Read the article and circle the correct meanings of the highlighted words and phrases. (Đọc bài viết và khoanh tròn nghĩa đúng của các từ và cụm từ được đánh dấu)

PRESERVING OUR HERITAGE

Ideas from teenagers

To encourage young people to learn about and appreciate our cultural heritage, we organised an ideas competition. We invited students from across the country to send us their ideas for protecting and promoting our heritage. We have received many interesting entries. Below are the winners.

A. _________________

The idea of promoting heritage sites through social media came from a group of TIth grade students. They suggested using social media activities, such as photo competitions, to encourage young people to learn about our heritage sites and local traditions on important festivals. They also suggested creating trending topics or challenges on social media. For example, a postcard challenge will invite people to create and share unusual and exciting postcards about the heritage sites that they have visited.

B. _________________

Two 10th grade students suggested forming historical societies or local groups who have akeen interest in their history and heritage. These groups will provide information about local heritage sites, organise special events to celebrate local festivals, and invite young people to discuss issues related to preserving the heritage. This way, they will be able to give vo-ce to suggestions and solutions to problems they care about. They will feel that their voices are heard, and they can contribute to society.

C. _________________

To preserve heritage, such as traditional music and stories, a group of secondary school students proposed setting up folk clubs. The clubs will hold events for young people to experience and learn about traditional performing arts. The artists will not only perform, but also introduce their arts and talk about how students can help promote folk culture. The clubs will organise training for students who want to learn folk songs, a 1traditional musical instrument, or folk dancing.

1. appreciate

A. to recognise the good qualities of something

B. to realise that something is dangerous

C. to discuss a new idea

2. trending

A. being discussed a lot on social media

B. being forgotten by the public

C. creating and sharing information

3. give voice to

A. to take action about something

B. to listen to someone's advice

C. to express opinions about something

4. proposed

A. asked someone for information

B. suggested something as a plan or course of action

C. invited guests for an event

Teenagers’ ideas for preserving heritage

Work in pairs. Ask and answer the question. (Làm việc theo cặp. Hỏi và trả lời câu hỏi)

Why is it important to protect our heritage? (Tại sao việc bảo vệ di sản của chúng ta lại quan trọng?)

Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about heritage sites of traditions, using to-infinitive clauses. (Đặt và trả lời các câu hỏi về các địa điểm di sản truyền thống, sử dụng mệnh đề nguyên mẫu có 'to')

Ví dụ:

A: What do many tourists go to Ha Long Bay for?

B: They go there to enjoy the beautiful scenery./To enjoy the beautiful scenery.

Hướng dẫn dịch:

A: Nhiều du khách đến Vịnh Hạ Long để làm gì?

B: Họ đến đó để thưởng thức cảnh đẹp./ Để thưởng thức cảnh đẹp.

Grammar

Combine the sentences using to-infinitive clauses. (Kết hợp các câu sử dụng mệnh đề nguyên mẫu)

1. Lan went to Hue. She wanted to see the monuments there.

-> Lan ______________________________________________________.

2. Minh created a website. He wanted to give more information about local historical sites to visitors.

-> Minh _____________________________________________________.

3. Peter took a boat trip around the floating market. He wanted to listen to don ca tai tu there.

-> Peter _____________________________________________________.

4. My sister has opened a small shop behind the museum, She wanted to sell postcards and souvenirs to tourists.

-> My sister _________________________________________________.

Complete the sentences using the words in 1. (Hoàn thành các câu sử dụng các từ trong 1)

1. Mary enjoys reading ___________ novels set in World War Two.

2. This meeting of world leaders was a truly ___________ event that is likely to be remembered in the future.

3. The local authority plans to __________ the old monument which was damaged by the storm.

4. We should increase efforts to __________ ca tru because nowadays there are very few ca tru musicians left.

5. Many __________ songs tell stories about lives of ordinary people in the past.

Vocabulary